{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,17]],"date-time":"2026-10-17T00:01:49Z","timestamp":1792195309080,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":53,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"50","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,24]],"date-time":"2025-09-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1758672000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,24]],"date-time":"2025-09-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1758672000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["52203332"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["52203332"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Small"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Precise modulation of the coordination environment of Fe\u2500N\n                    <jats:sub>x<\/jats:sub>\n                    sites is crucial yet challenging for enhancing the intrinsic activity of single\u2010atom Fe\/N\u2010codoped carbon catalysts toward the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR). Herein, N\u2010doped carbon nanotubes embedded with Fe\n                    <jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>\n                    C nanoparticles with abundant pyridinic\u2010N and Fe\u2500N\n                    <jats:sub>x<\/jats:sub>\n                    active sites are prepared by simple pyrolysis of precursors containing Zn\n                    <jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>\n                    \/Fe\n                    <jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>\n                    and cyano groups. The optimized Fe\n                    <jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>\n                    C\/FeN@CNT\u2010900 catalyst exhibits a remarkable ORR half\u2010wave potential (\n                    <jats:italic>E<\/jats:italic>\n                    <jats:sub>1\/2<\/jats:sub>\n                    ) of 0.89\u00a0V versus RHE, along with exceptional methanol tolerance and SCN\n                    <jats:sup>\u2212<\/jats:sup>\n                    resistance. The power density of the zinc\u2010air battery with this cathode achieves 1.65 times of that of the battery using the Pt\/C+RuO\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    catalyst. Experimental and theoretical analyses reveal that these enhancements arise from tailored electronic structures and optimized intermediate adsorption at Fe active centers. Synergistic catalysis between atomic Fe\u2500N\n                    <jats:sub>x<\/jats:sub>\n                    sites and Fe\n                    <jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>\n                    C nanoparticles lowers the energy barrier of the ORR rate\u2010determining step by facilitating interfacial electron transfer, as evidenced by density functional theory calculations. This work provides a rational strategy for designing high\u2010performance dual\u2010active sites in metal\u2010nitrogen\u2010carbon electrocatalysts and highlights the critical role of atomic\u2010nanoparticle interactions in advanced energy conversion systems.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/smll.202508558","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,24]],"date-time":"2025-09-24T09:26:08Z","timestamp":1758705968000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Pyrolysis\u2010Mediated Polycyano Strategy for Directed Construction of Fe\n                    <sub>3<\/sub>\n                    C\u2010Synergized Fe\u2500N Carbon Nanotubes Heterostructure Toward High\u2010Efficiency Oxygen Reduction Reaction"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"21","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-2862-875X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tianjin","family":"Zhi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Nanjing University of Science and Technology  Nanjing 210094 China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3483-4970","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yan","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Nanjing University of Science and Technology  Nanjing 210094 China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5691-5507","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zhenxin","family":"Yi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Nanjing University of Science and Technology  Nanjing 210094 China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shunguan","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Nanjing University of Science and Technology  Nanjing 210094 China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lin","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Nanjing University of Science and Technology  Nanjing 210094 China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_1_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/anie.202301114"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40820-024-01328-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/D3TA07609A"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40820-024-01366-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cej.2025.160400"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/anie.202503019"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/anie.202415691"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-020-18062-y"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.202209948"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adfm.202307002"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/aenm.202501630"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.202400523"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.202210757"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jelechem.2024.118903"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.201702327"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijhydene.2020.08.250"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acsenergylett.3c01655"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mset.2018.06.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/anie.201400358"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ensm.2022.06.038"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/advs.202301656"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijhydene.2024.12.394"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/D4EE00493K"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/anie.202501266"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/slct.201902855"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acscatal.2c01541"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acssuschemeng.2c04709"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/C9CC08439H"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.nanolett.4c02820"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apcatb.2023.122469"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/anie.201204958"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/cm202315j"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/advs.202301656"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apsusc.2021.150384"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.carbon.2020.08.047"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.aad0832"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acsnano.0c02783"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcis.2017.05.069"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_39_1","volume":"34","author":"Yangyang T.","year":"2023","journal-title":"Adv. Funct. Mater."},{"key":"e_1_2_8_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acscatal.4c05289"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/smll.202302795"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/smll.202107225"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/C9SC04060A"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cej.2023.144639"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.202306844"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adfm.202305268"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cej.2022.138213"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acscatal.2c00771"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41563-024-01998-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.carbon.2020.02.084"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.202414976"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/anie.201404333"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cej.2023.141591"}],"container-title":["Small"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/smll.202508558","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1002\/smll.202508558","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/smll.202508558","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,12]],"date-time":"2026-04-12T12:05:32Z","timestamp":1775995532000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/smll.202508558"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,24]]},"references-count":53,"journal-issue":{"issue":"50","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/smll.202508558"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/smll.202508558","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1613-6810","1613-6829"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1613-6810","type":"print"},{"value":"1613-6829","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,24]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2025-07-17","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-09-24","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e08558"}}