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While iron\u2010group metal compound (IGMC) offer\u00a0abundant reserves and unique electronic structures, it often suffers\u2010 from high overpotentials and insufficient stability, limiting its practical applications. Noble metal\/IGMC composite catalysts address these issues by enabling precise tuning of electronic structures through hybrid synthesis strategies, thereby enhancing catalytic activity and establishing efficient synergistic mechanisms. This review categorizes noble metal\/IGMC composite systems based on noble metal size (single atoms, clusters, nanoparticles), comprehensively summarizing research progress in this field. It focuses on elaborating synthesis strategies for different size\u2010based systems, while delving into the synergistic enhancement mechanisms at multi\u2010component interfaces during electrocatalysis, and analyzing the regulatory role of strong metal\u2010support interaction (SMSI). 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