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Nevertheless, despite their promising potential, halide perovskites suffer from structural instability in moist environments, which reduces device reliability. Herein, a cation engineering strategy involving the substitution of N\u2010acidic protons with methyl groups of aniline is employed to synthesize a moisture\u2010resistant lead\u2010free halide perovskite (NDMA)\n                    <jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>\n                    BiI\n                    <jats:sub>6<\/jats:sub>\n                    (NDMA =\n                    <jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic>\n                    ,\n                    <jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2010dimethylanilinium). Centimeter\u2010sized single crystals with dimensions up to 20 \u00d7 12 \u00d7 5 mm\n                    <jats:sup>3<\/jats:sup>\n                    have been grown via a controlled solution cooling method. Benefiting from the cation modification, exceptional moisture resistance has been achieved with a water contact angle of 98.38\u00b0, along with retained phase integrity after 7\u2010day water immersion and 1\u2010year ambient storage (72\u201377% relative humidity). Meanwhile, the X\u2010ray detectors fabricated with (NDMA)\n                    <jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>\n                    BiI\n                    <jats:sub>6<\/jats:sub>\n                    crystals exhibit a high sensitivity up to 2162 \u00b5C Gy\n                    <jats:sub>air<\/jats:sub>\n                    <jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>\n                    cm\n                    <jats:sup>\u22122<\/jats:sup>\n                    , which is comparable to most reported lead\u2010free perovskite detectors. Strikingly, the device retains 82% of its initial sensitivity (1780 \u00b5C Gy\n                    <jats:sub>air<\/jats:sub>\n                    <jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>\n                    cm\n                    <jats:sup>\u22122<\/jats:sup>\n                    ) following 5 h water immersion, confirming its long\u2010term operational stability. This study provides a pathway for the development of eco\u2010friendly lead\u2010free perovskites that integrate high detection performance with humidity resistance, thereby enabling stable X\u2010ray detection.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/smll.202509220","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,29]],"date-time":"2025-08-29T06:50:52Z","timestamp":1756450252000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Cation Engineering Enhanced Moisture Resistance in Centimeter\u2010Sized Lead\u2010Free Halide Perovskite Crystal for Ultrastable X\u2010Ray Detection"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"21","author":[{"given":"Xiaoyu","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Chemistry and Materials Science Fujian Normal University  Fuzhou 350007 China"},{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Functional Crystals and Devices Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of 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