{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,13]],"date-time":"2026-09-13T01:05:02Z","timestamp":1789261502261,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":67,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"14","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,14]],"date-time":"2026-01-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1768348800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,14]],"date-time":"2026-01-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1768348800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["52073237"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["52073237"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Small"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The severe environmental impact of conventional plastic electronics necessitates next\u2010generation wearable devices simultaneously embodying high performance, flexibility, and sustainability. Herein, we propose a 1D nano\u2010confined high\u2010pressure crystallization strategy to create highly\u2010crystalline, yet highly\u2010transparent bio\u2010based fiber films to meet these requirements. The bacterial copolymer poly (3\u2010hydroxybutyrate\u20103\u2010hydroxyvalerate) (PHBV)\u2010based electrospun fibrous film, with 1D\u2010confined oriented crystallites in the aligned nanofibers, can be transformed from opaque to transparent by heating and pressurizing and maintains its fiber morphology. The resulting film demonstrates outstanding flexibility, high optical transmittance, and significantly enhanced mechanical properties. Using this transparent fiber film as the substrate, a transparent conductive film (TCF) is produced by mechanical interlocking with silver nanowires (AgNWs), demonstrating superior performance in comprehensive metrics compared to the state\u2010of\u2010the\u2010art TCFs. Critically, this TCF achieves high\u2010fidelity capture of electromyography and electrocardiography (ECG) signals, comparable to commercial gel electrodes, while showing enhanced signal stability on sweat\u2010soaked skin. As a proof\u2010of\u2010concept, a motion monitoring system is designed integrating AgNWs\/PHBV\u2010based ECG acquisition, Bluetooth transmission, and a multilayer perceptron\u2010based classification model. Leveraging machine learning, it accurately classifies athletes\u2019 physical activity states and provides personalized training recommendations. This study may offer a new way of utilizing biological materials and inspire the development of next\u2010generation sustainable electronics.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/smll.202509404","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,14]],"date-time":"2026-01-14T09:29:50Z","timestamp":1768382990000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["High\u2010Strength Degradable Transparent Bio\u2010Electronics Enabled by Confined Crystallization in Aligned Nanofibers for AI\u2010Assisted Motion Sensors"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"22","author":[{"given":"Chu","family":"Pan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Chemistry Southwest Jiaotong University  Chengdu Sichuan China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xueyi","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Guangdong Institute of Smart Education Jinan University  Guangzhou Guangdong China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chuanfeng","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Chemistry Southwest Jiaotong University  Chengdu Sichuan China"},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials School of Materials Science and Engineering Ministry of Education Southwest Jiaotong University  Chengdu Sichuan China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Juan","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Chemistry Southwest Jiaotong University  Chengdu Sichuan China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wangjie","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Chemistry Southwest Jiaotong University  Chengdu Sichuan China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Biyao","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Chemistry Southwest Jiaotong University  Chengdu Sichuan China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xuhang","family":"Lu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Chemistry Southwest Jiaotong University  Chengdu Sichuan China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jiashun","family":"Wen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Chemistry Southwest Jiaotong University  Chengdu Sichuan China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Weiqing","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Institute of Frontier Science Southwest Jiaotong University  Chengdu Sichuan China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0606-9565","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jun","family":"Lu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Chemistry Southwest Jiaotong University  Chengdu Sichuan China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-024-52462-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41928-024-01196-y"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41563-021-01093-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s44222-024-00175-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41563-024-01802-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41928-022-00723-z"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-021-27066-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.202110536"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-024-07161-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adfm.202102599"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.202305630"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/advs.202402582"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acsnano.9b06354"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/advs.201800496"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acsnano.7b01714"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-024-07096-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10311-021-01384-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-022-33133-y"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acsnano.9b09817"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acsnano.2c07111"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/smll.201801657"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41528-020-00091-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodhyd.2019.105266"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/D4NH00285G"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.200803174"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.compositesa.2022.106885"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jece.2023.111815"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cej.2024.158314"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biortech.2018.09.122"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclepro.2020.121500"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acssuschemeng.9b03291"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2025.140985"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.polymdegradstab.2024.110976"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2023.124608"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.actamat.2023.118881"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.actamat.2023.118696"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-024-55075-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/D2MH00632D"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/smll.202207464"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adfm.202416111"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cej.2025.162466"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcis.2023.07.066"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.progpolymsci.2015.10.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/ja804185s"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.macromol.8b01801"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.polymer.2022.125594"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2025.141751"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcis.2025.137455"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ceramint.2017.10.037"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/app.53346"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.biomac.4c01630"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_53_1","first-page":"718","volume-title":"Process Safety and Environmental Protection","author":"Zhong X.","year":"2021"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acssuschemeng.4c01669"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_55_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodhyd.2023.109539"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_56_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fpsl.2024.101296"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_57_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acssuschemeng.3c03492"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_58_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2022.08.130"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_59_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/jacs.2c12897"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_60_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.macromol.8b01223"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_61_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/bm050152s"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_62_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chphi.2024.100547"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_63_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.201907143"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_64_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1364\/JOSA.62.000882"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_65_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/c3nr00520h"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_66_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.compositesa.2008.07.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_67_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40820-024-01333-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_68_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.snb.2020.128948"}],"container-title":["Small"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/smll.202509404","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1002\/smll.202509404","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/smll.202509404","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,12]],"date-time":"2026-07-12T05:19:51Z","timestamp":1783833591000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/smll.202509404"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,14]]},"references-count":67,"journal-issue":{"issue":"14","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,3]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/smll.202509404"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/smll.202509404","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1613-6810","1613-6829"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1613-6810","type":"print"},{"value":"1613-6829","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,14]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2025-08-04","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-01-06","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-01-14","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e09404"}}