{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,19]],"date-time":"2026-09-19T17:44:46Z","timestamp":1789839886221,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":66,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"13","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,5]],"date-time":"2026-01-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767571200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,5]],"date-time":"2026-01-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767571200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003725","name":"National Research Foundation of Korea","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["RS\u20102022\u2010NR070840"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RS\u20102022\u2010NR070840"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003725","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100014188","name":"Ministry of Science and ICT, South Korea","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["RS\u20102022\u2010NR070840"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RS\u20102022\u2010NR070840"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100014188","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Small"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    A crucial performance ceiling has long limited carbon molecular sieve (CMS) membranes in demanding gas separations, a limitation stemming directly from the inability to precisely dictate their ultramicroporous architecture. Herein, we demonstrate a novel lanthanum (La)\u2010doping strategy to precisely control the structural evolution of polyimide\u2010based carbon CMS membranes. Lanthanum incorporation fundamentally alters pyrolysis dynamics by significantly increasing aromatic strand mobility and enabling La complexes to serve as nanoscale Langmuir templates. This entropic\u2010driven templating effect guides the alignment of carbon strands and optimizes their narrow arrangement, resulting in a markedly narrow pore size distribution for precise gas separation. La\u2010doped CMS membranes exhibit exceptional molecular sieving capabilities, notably, achieving 100\u2010fold increase in H\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    \/CH\n                    <jats:sub>4<\/jats:sub>\n                    selectivity while maintaining high H\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    permeability. Even under realistic operating conditions involving variations in pressure, feed composition, and temperature, the La\u2010doped CMS membranes retained their high H\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    permeability and selectivity, showing minimal sensitivity to feed composition and pressure and excellent resistance to physical aging. This straightforward, versatile, and scalable metal\u2010doping approach presents a significant advancement for developing high\u2010performance CMS membranes, opening new opportunities for challenging industrial gas separations that require precise differentiation of molecules with similar kinetic diameters.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/smll.202509715","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,5]],"date-time":"2026-01-05T15:19:36Z","timestamp":1767626376000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Directing Ultramicropore Architecture in Carbon Molecular Sieve Membranes with Lanthanum for High\u2010Fidelity Gas Separation"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"22","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6271-3530","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hyeokjun","family":"Seo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology 291, Daehak\u2010ro, Yuseong\u2010gu Daejeon Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yong Sung","family":"Kwon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Green Carbon Research Center Chemical Process Division Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT) 141, Gajeong\u2010ro, Yuseong\u2010gu Daejeon Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Min\u2010Jun","family":"Jang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology 291, Daehak\u2010ro, Yuseong\u2010gu Daejeon Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Huiryung","family":"Heo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology 291, Daehak\u2010ro, Yuseong\u2010gu Daejeon Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jeong\u2010Un","family":"Jang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology 291, Daehak\u2010ro, Yuseong\u2010gu Daejeon Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Banseok","family":"Oh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology 291, Daehak\u2010ro, Yuseong\u2010gu Daejeon Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6049-9371","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dong\u2010Yeun","family":"Koh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology 291, Daehak\u2010ro, Yuseong\u2010gu Daejeon Republic of Korea"},{"name":"Saudi Aramco\u2010KAIST CO<sub>2<\/sub> Management Center 291, Daehak\u2010ro, Yuseong\u2010gu Daejeon Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s44286-023-00021-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.aaf1343"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-020-20628-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/smll.202104698"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.carbon.2023.118002"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/anie.202106740"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.micromeso.2004.05.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.carbon.2018.09.039"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.memsci.2023.121674"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/3-540-12818-2_5"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.carbon.2017.04.011"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/anie.202006521"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.201701631"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.memsci.2024.123089"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41563-022-01426-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41563-023-01629-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/ie2003279"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/anie.201903105"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-022-32703-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.memsci.2008.04.030"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/aic.18413"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-024-49961-z"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acsnano.4c15126"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-024-54275-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1749-6632.1949.tb27296.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature18284"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/sciadv.aaz9184"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/advs.202004999"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1134\/S1070363214080039"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jfluchem.2015.09.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1134\/S1070363216120197"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jfluchem.2017.05.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/jp076717r"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.catcom.2012.06.019"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10973-022-11349-w"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1151-2916.2001.tb00753.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3093(99)00009-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cvde.200506412"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0169-4332(99)00108-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.carbon.2016.01.040"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.carbon.2005.02.018"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/ef301520y"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ces.2023.119619"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.iecr.3c02519"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.memsci.2024.123647"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.memsci.2024.122533"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.carbon.2005.05.018"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.memsci.2004.02.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.memsci.2009.12.026"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.carbon.2013.05.057"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.memsci.2016.08.013"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.memsci.2015.12.052"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cssc.201702243"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_55_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.memsci.2019.05.020"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_56_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acsapm.9b00567"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_57_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cssc.202001572"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_58_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.memsci.2019.117703"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_59_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acsomega.1c00512"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_60_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.memsci.2022.120548"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_61_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.carbon.2022.11.045"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_62_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/membranes9010010"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_63_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jechem.2020.03.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_64_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/jp401548b"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_65_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.polymer.2016.09.051"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_66_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.iecr.9b05199"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_67_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nmeth.2089"}],"container-title":["Small"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/smll.202509715","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1002\/smll.202509715","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/smll.202509715","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,17]],"date-time":"2026-07-17T16:28:28Z","timestamp":1784305708000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/smll.202509715"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,5]]},"references-count":66,"journal-issue":{"issue":"13","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,3]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/smll.202509715"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/smll.202509715","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1613-6810","1613-6829"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1613-6810","type":"print"},{"value":"1613-6829","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,5]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2025-08-20","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-12-24","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-01-05","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e09715"}}