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Herein, mice were oral\u2010exposed to grilled lamb\u2010derived CQDs (25\u00a0mg kg\n                    <jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>\n                    ) for 9 weeks. The results indicated that CQDs exposure resulted in liver and intestinal barrier injury, as well as an increase in intestinal microbiota\u2010derived lipopolysaccharide (LPS). CQDs exposure directly and indirectly upregulated the expression of bile acid (BA) synthesis genes (\n                    <jats:italic>Cyp7a1<\/jats:italic>\n                    ,\n                    <jats:italic>Cyp8b1<\/jats:italic>\n                    , and\u00a0\n                    <jats:italic>Cyp27a1<\/jats:italic>\n                    ) by activating MyD88 in the intestinal LPS\u2010TLR4 pathway, as well as MyD88 and NF\u03baB, downstream molecules of LPS\u2010TLR4 pathway in the liver, leading to increased BA synthesis. Concurrently, the expression of BA excretion genes\n                    <jats:italic>Bsep<\/jats:italic>\n                    and\n                    <jats:italic>Mrp2<\/jats:italic>\n                    was downregulated, contributing to cholestasis. With prolonged exposure, the levels of the farnesoid X receptor (FXR) inhibitor tauro\u2010\u03b2\u2010muricholic acid increased, while that of agonists chenodeoxycholic acid and taurochenodeoxycholic acid decreased, further exacerbating cholestasis. Supplementation with\n                    <jats:italic>Lactiplantibacillus plantarum<\/jats:italic>\n                    ATCC8014 mitigated cholestasis by reducing the relative abundance of\n                    <jats:italic>g_Flexispira<\/jats:italic>\n                    , increasing the relative abundance of\n                    <jats:italic>g_Adlercreutzia<\/jats:italic>\n                    , and remodeling the intestinal barrier. This study provides substantial evidence for the comprehensive assessment, control, and intervention regarding the hepatotoxicity of foodborne CQDs.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/smll.202512173","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,7]],"date-time":"2026-02-07T17:16:36Z","timestamp":1770484596000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Exposure to Grilled Lamb\u2010Borne Carbon Quantum Dots Induces Intrahepatic Cholestasis by Activating the Intestinal Microbial\u2010Derived Lipopolysaccharide\u2010TLR4 Pathway"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"22","author":[{"given":"Jingwen","family":"Xu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Food Science and Engineering School of Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences Shaanxi University of Science &amp; Technology  Xi'an China"},{"name":"Xi'an Key Laboratory of Antiviral and Antimicrobial\u2010Resistant Bacteria 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