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The antibacterial effect (through Zn\n                    <jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>\n                    release) was activated upon oxygen plasma treatment. CA fibers (fiber diameter \u2248 2 \u00b5m) were produced via centrifugal spinning, followed by ZnO infiltration (up to 8 wt% of Zn content) using Vapor Phase Infiltration (VPI) with varying deposition cycles. As CA fibers are naturally hydrophobic, oxygen plasma treatment was applied to turn them hydrophilic and to improve skin wetting. The combination of these steps is presented for the first time. Plasma treatment introduced oxygen\u2010containing functional groups on the CA surface, significantly improving wettability. Scanning electron microscopy analyses of treated fibers showed no morphological damage. Detailed characterization (using X\u2010ray photoelectron spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, energy dispersive X\u2010ray fluorescence, X\u2010ray diffraction, tranmission electron microscopy) focused on fibers with 32 and 128 VPI cycles, revealed that plasma partially oxidized and etched the surface, affecting the ZnO distribution. Plasma\u2010modified fibers, unlike untreated ones, exhibited antibacterial activity against AV\u2010causing bacteria (\n                    <jats:italic>Cutibacterium acnes<\/jats:italic>\n                    and\n                    <jats:italic>Staphylococcus epidermidis<\/jats:italic>\n                    ), creating significant inhibition zones (up to 5 mm), demonstrating their potential as promising therapeutic modality. Overall, plasma treatment enabled effective surface functionalization, producing antibacterial fibers with enhanced surface properties suitable for application in AV management.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/smll.202513286","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,25]],"date-time":"2026-03-25T17:05:29Z","timestamp":1774458329000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Cellulose Acetate Fibers With Infiltrated ZnO Nanocrystals: Activation of Antibacterial Properties Against\n                    <i>Acne vulgaris<\/i>\n                    by Oxygen Plasma Treatment"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"22","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4815-9374","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Martina","family":"Rihova","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Central European Institute of Technology Brno University of Technolog  Brno Czech 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