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Yet its electrical behavior at the nanoscale remains unsettled. While bulk YSZ exhibits predominantly ionic transport, electronic contributions have only been reported under highly defective, porous, or strong\u2010field conditions. Here, we demonstrate that ultrathin epitaxial YSZ films (&lt;20\u00a0nm) exhibit measurable p\u2010type mixed conduction at room temperature arising intrinsically from crystallographically ordered defect\u2013dopant associations. Combined electrical measurements and first\u2010principles modeling show that Y\n                    <jats:sup>3<\/jats:sup>\n                    <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                    \u2013vacancy complexes stabilize hole polarons confined along specific lattice directions. In (111)\u2010oriented films, interfacial defect ordering produces a high density of confined polarons, enabling directional charge transport and enhanced electro\u2010chemo\u2010mechanical coupling beyond classical electrostriction. These results show that electronic functionality in YSZ can emerge solely from nanoscale defect ordering, redefining its transport behavior beyond the classical purely ionic paradigm and revealing unexpected electromechanical functionality in a canonical ionic oxide.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/smll.202513940","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,12]],"date-time":"2026-03-12T08:42:24Z","timestamp":1773304944000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Hole Polaronic Confinement in (111) Yttria\u2010Stabilised Zirconia"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"22","author":[{"given":"Milica","family":"Vasiljevic","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"DTU Energy Technical University of Denmark  Lyngby Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Victor","family":"Buratto Tinti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"DTU Energy Technical 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