{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,28]],"date-time":"2026-09-28T16:45:09Z","timestamp":1790613909582,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"31","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,18]],"date-time":"2026-04-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1776470400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,18]],"date-time":"2026-04-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1776470400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001691","name":"Japan Society for the Promotion of Science","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["JP25H00858"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["JP25H00858"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001691","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Small"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    To design nanostructured electrodes capable of sustaining both high energy and power in sodium\u2010ion supercapacitors, we present a mechanistically defined synthesis strategy that couples interfacial nano\u2010pitting of carbon frameworks with in situ sulfate\u2010substituted crystallization of Na\n                    <jats:sub>2.85<\/jats:sub>\n                    V\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    (PO\n                    <jats:sub>4<\/jats:sub>\n                    )\n                    <jats:sub>2.85<\/jats:sub>\n                    (SO\n                    <jats:sub>4<\/jats:sub>\n                    )\n                    <jats:sub>0.15<\/jats:sub>\n                    (NVPS) nanodots. By integrating phosphate\u2013sulfate ultracentrifugation pretreatment with brief thermal annealing, NVPS nanodots (5 nm) are homogeneously dispersed and tightly anchored along multi\u2010walled carbon nanotube (MWCNT) networks. Mechanistic analysis revealed that a bifunctional role of Na\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    SO\n                    <jats:sub>4<\/jats:sub>\n                    : it induces localized sodification\u2010assisted etching that forms \u22485 nm nanopits serving as confined nucleation cavities, while sulfate species participate in NVPS crystallization within these domains. Concurrent redeposition of sodified carbon fragments during ultracentrifugation further reinforces interfacial stability, producing nanodots electronically bridged and mechanically stabilized by the carbon matrix. The resulting NVPS\/MWCNT composites exhibit exceptional rate capability, delivering 97 mAh g\n                    <jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>\n                    (83% of the theoretical capacity) at 1000C, corresponding to a full charge\u2013discharge cycle of 3.6 s. This ultrafast behavior originates from the formation of robust, strongly coupled nanodot\u2013carbon junctions that facilitate rapid electron transport and sodium\u2010ion intercalation. This sulfate\u2010directed nano\u2010pitting approach provides a generalizable and scalable route to engineer high\u2010density nanodot\/carbon hybrid architectures that bridge the gap between battery\u2010type and capacitor\u2010type storage.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/smll.73407","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,18]],"date-time":"2026-04-18T16:25:55Z","timestamp":1776529555000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Interfacial Nano\u2010Pitting and In Situ Sulfate\u2010Directed Growth of Na\n                    <sub>2.85<\/sub>\n                    V\n                    <sub>2<\/sub>\n                    (PO\n                    <sub>4<\/sub>\n                    )\n                    <sub>2.85<\/sub>\n                    (SO\n                    <sub>4<\/sub>\n                    )\n                    <sub>0.15<\/sub>\n                    Nanodots on MWCNT for Ultrafast Sodium\u2010Ion Storage"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"22","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4683-3991","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Naohisa","family":"Okita","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Applied Chemistry Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology  Koganei Tokyo Japan"},{"name":"Institute of Global Innovation Research Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology  Koganei Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Akari","family":"Ukai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Applied Chemistry Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology  Koganei Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Akihumi","family":"Hatano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Applied Chemistry Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology  Koganei Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Keisuke","family":"Matsumura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Applied Chemistry Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology  Koganei Tokyo Japan"},{"name":"Institute of Global Innovation Research Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology  Koganei Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Etsuro","family":"Iwama","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Applied Chemistry Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology  Koganei Tokyo Japan"},{"name":"Institute of Global Innovation Research Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology  Koganei Tokyo Japan"},{"name":"Advanced Capacitor Research Center Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology  Koganei Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wako","family":"Naoi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Art &amp; Innovative Technologies K &amp; W Inc.  Kunitachi Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sreya Babu","family":"Nambiar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CIRIMAT, Universit\u00e9 de Toulouse CNRS  Toulouse France"},{"name":"FR CNRS 3459 R\u00e9seau sur le Stockage \u00c9lectrochimique de l'Energie, RS2E  Amiens Cedex France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pierre\u2010Louis","family":"Taberna","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Global Innovation Research Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology  Koganei Tokyo Japan"},{"name":"CIRIMAT, Universit\u00e9 de Toulouse CNRS  Toulouse France"},{"name":"FR CNRS 3459 R\u00e9seau sur le Stockage \u00c9lectrochimique de l'Energie, RS2E  Amiens Cedex France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Patrick","family":"Rozier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Global Innovation Research Tokyo University of Agriculture and 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