{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,21]],"date-time":"2026-09-21T16:04:24Z","timestamp":1790006664255,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":68,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"53","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,23]],"date-time":"2026-07-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1784764800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,23]],"date-time":"2026-07-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1784764800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003725","name":"National Research Foundation of Korea","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["RS\u20102023\u201000255584"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RS\u20102023\u201000255584"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003725","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Small"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Artificial tactile systems increasingly use independent transduction of slow\u2010adapting (SA) signals from static pressure and rapid\u2010adapting (RA) signals from dynamic vibrations, aiming to mimic the human skin's mechanosensory pathways for enhanced perceptual processing. Here, we present a tactile sensing system based on hybrid materials that integrate an Fe\n                    <jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>\n                    O\n                    <jats:sub>4<\/jats:sub>\n                    \u2010based piezomagnetic elastomer and a poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC)\u2010based iontronic gel in a unified layered architecture, enabling the orthogonal encoding of SA and RA mechanotransduction. The Fe\n                    <jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>\n                    O\n                    <jats:sub>4<\/jats:sub>\n                    elastomer exhibits piezomagnetic coupling, yielding a magnetic flux density of \u223c1.5 mT and a peak voltage modulation of \u223c15\u00a0mV at 3.2 N load, while effectively capturing RA signals over a wide bandwidth up to 1\u00a0kHz. Concurrently, the iontronic PVC gel is self\u2010driven by the potential of the Fe\n                    <jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>\n                    O\n                    <jats:sub>4<\/jats:sub>\n                    elastomer and delivers stable SA signal outputs with a sensitivity of 1.6\/0.48\u00a0mV N\n                    <jats:sup>\u2212<\/jats:sup>\n                    <jats:sup>1<\/jats:sup>\n                    (whereas the RA channel exhibits 11.4\/0.75 mV N\n                    <jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>\n                    ). By combining these decoupled signal modalities, we construct a haptic mapping framework that generates distinctive tactile fingerprints of object surfaces. This multimodal self\u2010driven sensing approach enables accurate classification of material texture, reliable slip detection, and identification of surface anomalies with different groove widths. This work offers a scalable materials strategy for intelligent robotics and human\u2013machine interfaces.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/smll.74799","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,23]],"date-time":"2026-07-23T10:29:47Z","timestamp":1784802587000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Self\u2010Driven Hybrid Piezomagnetic\u2013Iontronic Mechanoreceptors\u00a0for Bimodal SA\/RA Perception and Tactile Synthesis"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"22","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4109-0164","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kyoung\u2010Yong","family":"Chun","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Somatosensory Molecular\u2010Level Mimicry Korea University  Seoul Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-6389-5400","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sang\u2010Hyun","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Somatosensory Molecular\u2010Level Mimicry Korea University  Seoul Republic of Korea"},{"name":"School of Mechanical Engineering Korea University  Seoul Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joongmi","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Somatosensory Molecular\u2010Level Mimicry Korea University  Seoul Republic of Korea"},{"name":"Department of Micro\/Nano Systems Korea University  Seoul Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1927-9422","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chang\u2010Soo","family":"Han","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Somatosensory Molecular\u2010Level Mimicry Korea University  Seoul Republic of Korea"},{"name":"School of Mechanical Engineering Korea University  Seoul Republic of Korea"},{"name":"Department of Micro\/Nano Systems Korea University  Seoul Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1242\/dev.120402"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.adl0495"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/scirobotics.adn4008"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598\u2010023\u201042683\u20100"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.xcrp.2024.102225"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bios.2024.116828"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.34133\/research.0172"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","article-title":"Triaxial Tactile Sensing for Next\u2010Gen Robotics and Wearable Devices","volume":"1","author":"Yun G.","year":"2025","journal-title":"Smart Materials 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