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However, SAMs\u2019 strong acidity induced by their phosphonic acid group will always accelerate perovskite degradation. By replacing the commonly used phosphonic group with carboxylic, here we develop a new SAM molecule of 9AACz (9\u2010carbazoleacetic acid) with much reduced acidity to fabricate inverted PSCs. 9AACz can self\u2010assemble on an OH\u2010rich ITO substrate owing to the interaction between carboxylic and \u2010OH groups, regulating the work function of ITO and promoting hole extraction. Importantly, the weak acid nature of 9AACz can effectively inhibit acid\u2010induced perovskite degradation, benefiting device stability. Resulting PSCs show high efficiency of 26.1% with good stability, retaining \u223c90% of initial efficiency after\u00a0maximum power point (MPP) tracking at 85\u00b0C for 700\u00a0h under ISOS\u2010L\u20102 protocol.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/smll.75052","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,4]],"date-time":"2026-08-04T11:13:00Z","timestamp":1785841980000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Non\u2010Phosphonic Self\u2010Assembled Molecules with Weak Acidity for Inverted Perovskite Solar Cells"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"22","author":[{"given":"Bo","family":"Feng","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Physics Engineering Research Center of Nanophotonics &amp; Advanced Instrument Ministry of Education East China Normal University  Shanghai 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