{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,18]],"date-time":"2026-10-18T13:45:09Z","timestamp":1792331109176,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":66,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"58","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,25]],"date-time":"2026-08-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1787616000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,25]],"date-time":"2026-08-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1787616000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Small"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    SnS\u2011based compounds are promising eco\u2011friendly thermoelectric materials. We investigated polycrystalline, hole\u2011doped Sn\n                    <jats:sub>(1\u2011x\u2011y)<\/jats:sub>\n                    Na\n                    <jats:sub>x<\/jats:sub>\n                    Ag\n                    <jats:sub>y<\/jats:sub>\n                    S\n                    <jats:sub>1\u2011z<\/jats:sub>\n                    Se\n                    <jats:sub>z<\/jats:sub>\n                    (z = 0, 0.09, and 0.5), synthesized via a solid\u2011state reaction, ball milling, and spark plasma sintering. The co\u2011doped Sn\n                    <jats:sub>0.98<\/jats:sub>\n                    Na\n                    <jats:sub>0.01<\/jats:sub>\n                    Ag\n                    <jats:sub>0.01<\/jats:sub>\n                    S\n                    <jats:sub>0.5<\/jats:sub>\n                    Se\n                    <jats:sub>0.5<\/jats:sub>\n                    sample achieved a high figure of merit (ZT\u22482.2 at 810 K), enabled by the combined effects of an enhanced power factor and ultralow lattice thermal conductivity (\u22480.2\u00a0W m\n                    <jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>\n                    K\n                    <jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>\n                    at 810 K). This demonstrates the favorable co\u2011optimization of electrical and thermal transport properties in the alloyed system. HR\u2010TEM and X\u2010ray diffraction analyses confirm the presence of nanocrystalline domains (\u223c9\u201314\u00a0nm) that effectively scatter phonons. Electronic\u2010structure calculations showed that Se alloying restructures the fragmented valence\u2010band edge of SnS into a converged multivalley manifold, reducing the geometric and inertial effective masses while preserving the aggregate DOS slope. This reshaping, confirmed by DOS profiles and Pisarenko analysis, demonstrates that Se substitution simultaneously enhances carrier mobility and sustains Seebeck response, yielding a higher power factor. Experimentally, Na\/Ag co\u2011doped Sn\n                    <jats:sub>0.98<\/jats:sub>\n                    S exhibited a 1.16\u00a0eV bandgap, narrowed to 0.99\u00a0eV in Sn\n                    <jats:sub>0.98<\/jats:sub>\n                    S\n                    <jats:sub>0.5<\/jats:sub>\n                    Se\n                    <jats:sub>0.5<\/jats:sub>\n                    , confirming electronic tuning. Specific heat and Raman spectroscopy reveal softened lattice vibrations, which, together with nanocrystalline phonon scattering, suppress lattice thermal conductivity and enable outstanding thermoelectric performance.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/smll.75104","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,25]],"date-time":"2026-08-25T09:07:49Z","timestamp":1787648869000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Enhanced Thermoelectric Performance in Se Alloyed SnS Through Band Engineering, Na and Ag Co\u2010Doping, and Nanostructuring"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"22","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0000-6430-9910","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Peramaiyan","family":"Ganesan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Physics Academia Sinica  Nangang Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chandra 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