{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,27]],"date-time":"2026-08-27T13:22:23Z","timestamp":1787836943119,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,27]],"date-time":"2026-08-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1787788800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,27]],"date-time":"2026-08-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1787788800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012166","name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2023YFB2407100"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2023YFB2407100"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012166","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Small"],"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Epoxy vitrimers are promising sustainable thermosets, yet their practical application is hindered by an inherent conflict rooted in the typically required catalysts of high activity. Such catalytic activity, while enabling dynamic bond exchange at elevated temperatures, also triggers premature curing and creep failure, narrowing the processing window and compromising dimensional stability. Herein, we report a thermally responsive ionic liquid catalyst (ILC) that resolves this tradeoff through a non\u2010covalent ion\u2010pair strategy. Constructed by equimolar neutralization of phenol with 1,5,7\u2010triazabicyclo[4.4.0]dec\u20105\u2010ene (TBD), the liquid ILC allows for rapid, homogeneous mixing with the resin formulation, thereby eliminating the dispersion issues inherent to conventional solid catalysts like TBD, avoiding prolonged dissolution times and inhomogeneous network formation. It leverages reversible proton transfer to achieve temperature\u2010gated catalytic activity. Ion\u2010pair interactions passivate TBD at ambient and service temperatures\u2014extending gel time at 80\u00b0C to 56.6 min (vs. 17.5 min for free TBD) and suppressing creep\u2014while dissociating above 180\u00b0C to restore catalytic activity, as evidenced by a two\u2010regime Arrhenius behavior in stress relaxation. This enables multiple hot\u2010press reprocessing cycles with high property retention. The ILC thus effectively decouples processing window, creep resistance, and reprocessability, offering a practical pathway toward sustainable epoxy vitrimers.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/smll.75413","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,27]],"date-time":"2026-08-27T13:01:06Z","timestamp":1787835666000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Thermally Responsive Ionic Liquid Catalyst Decoupling Processing Window and Dynamic Exchange in Epoxy Vitrimers"],"prefix":"10.1002","author":[{"given":"Enjian","family":"He","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"The Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry and Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education) Department of Chemistry Tsinghua University  Beijing China"},{"name":"AVIC Composite Corporation Ltd  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yixuan","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry and Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education) Department of Chemistry Tsinghua University  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuzhen","family":"Ge","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry and Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education) Department of Chemistry Tsinghua University  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wendi","family":"Tian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry and Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education) Department of Chemistry Tsinghua University  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0000-2511-8310","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Huan","family":"Liang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry and Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education) Department of Chemistry Tsinghua University  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0000-9141-4484","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zhijun","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry and Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education) Department of Chemistry Tsinghua University  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shuhan","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry and Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education) Department of Chemistry Tsinghua University  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jiayin","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry and Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education) Department of Chemistry Tsinghua University  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhenyi","family":"Liang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry and Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education) Department of Chemistry Tsinghua University  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chao","family":"Gao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Electric Power Research Institute China Southern Power Grid Co., Ltd.  Guangzhou China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5950-0163","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yen","family":"Wei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry and Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education) Department of Chemistry Tsinghua University  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1363-6513","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yan","family":"Ji","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry and Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education) Department of Chemistry Tsinghua University  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jiec.2015.03.026","article-title":"Synthesis and Application of Epoxy Resins: A Review","volume":"29","author":"Jin F.\u2010L.","year":"2015","journal-title":"Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry"},{"issue":"25","key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5890","DOI":"10.1039\/C6TC01210H","article-title":"An Overview of Multifunctional Epoxy Nanocomposites","volume":"4","author":"Gu H.","year":"2016","journal-title":"Journal of Materials Chemistry C"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.progpolymsci.2020.101353","article-title":"Advances in Sustainable Thermosetting Resins: From Renewable Feedstock to High Performance and Recyclability","volume":"113","author":"Liu J.","year":"2021","journal-title":"Progress in Polymer Science"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"72","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mattod.2022.12.005","article-title":"Recovery of Epoxy Thermosets and Their Composites","volume":"64","author":"Zhao X.","year":"2023","journal-title":"Materials Today"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.progpolymsci.2025.102069","article-title":"Selective Bond Cleavage Strategies for Chemical Recycling of Thermosets and Their Composites","volume":"173","author":"Gu S.","year":"2026","journal-title":"Progress in Polymer Science"},{"issue":"6058","key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"965","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1212648","article-title":"Silica\u2010Like Malleable Materials From Permanent Organic Networks","volume":"334","author":"Montarnal D.","year":"2011","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pmatsci.2020.100710","article-title":"Functional Epoxy Vitrimers and Composites","volume":"120","author":"Yang Y.","year":"2021","journal-title":"Progress in Materials Science"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.progpolymsci.2025.102026","article-title":"Towards the Next Development of Vitrimers: Recent Key Topics for The Practical Application and Understanding of the Fundamental Physics","volume":"170","author":"Hayashi M.","year":"2025","journal-title":"Progress in Polymer Science"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_7_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1829","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.chemrev.4c00994","article-title":"Covalent Adaptable Networks: Reprocessable Cross\u2010Linked Polymers","volume":"126","author":"Sun M.","year":"2026","journal-title":"Chemical Reviews"},{"issue":"48","key":"e_1_2_7_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/anie.202210405","article-title":"A Highly Dynamic Covalent Polymer Network Without Creep: Mission Impossible?","volume":"61","author":"Van L. 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