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However, their inherent susceptibility to oxygen and moisture limits their practical use under complex reaction conditions. Here, organic photocatalyst\/adsorbent systems based on donor\/acceptor (D\/A) bulk heterojunctions, particularly PM6:SY1 and PM6:Y6 supported on biochar (BC), were constructed to bridge the different interfacial requirements of organic photocatalysis at the gas\u2013liquid\u2013solid interface and organic photovoltaics at the solid\u2013solid interface. The D\/A bulk heterojunctions enhance light harvesting and facilitate exciton dissociation, enabling a CO production rate of 1.68\u00a0mmol\u00a0g\n                    <jats:sup>\u2212<\/jats:sup>\n                    <jats:sup>1<\/jats:sup>\n                    \u00a0h\n                    <jats:sup>\u2212<\/jats:sup>\n                    <jats:sup>1<\/jats:sup>\n                    and a cumulative CO yield of 10.1\u00a0mmol\u00a0g\n                    <jats:sup>\u2212<\/jats:sup>\n                    <jats:sup>1<\/jats:sup>\n                    over 6\u00a0h, while maintaining stable photocatalytic performance over 10 consecutive cycles. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations further provide molecular\u2010level insights into intermolecular interactions and energetic characteristics relevant to charge separation. These results demonstrate the potential of D\/A bulk\u2010heterojunction organic photovoltaic materials for photocatalytic CO\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    reduction and improved operational stability under the tested conditions.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/smll.75534","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,2]],"date-time":"2026-09-02T10:02:42Z","timestamp":1788343362000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Donor\/Acceptor Bulk Heterojunctions for Efficient Visible\u2010Light CO\n                    <sub>2<\/sub>\n                    Reduction to CO"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"22","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-5012-0010","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Songlin","family":"Cai","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Guangxi Key Laboratory of Processing for Non\u2010ferrous Metals and Featured Materials, State Key Laboratory of Featured Metal Materials and Life\u2010cycle Safety For Composite Structures, School of Resources, Environment and Materials Guangxi University  Nanning People's Republic of China"},{"name":"State Key Laboratory of High\u2010performance Precision Manufacturing Dalian University of Technology  Dalian People's Republic of China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8900-685X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"ShiLe","family":"Feng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of High\u2010performance Precision Manufacturing Dalian University of Technology  Dalian People's Republic of China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6017-0827","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tao","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Guangxi Key Laboratory of Processing for Non\u2010ferrous Metals and Featured Materials, State Key Laboratory of Featured Metal Materials and Life\u2010cycle Safety For Composite Structures, School of Resources, Environment and Materials Guangxi University  Nanning People's Republic of China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adfm.202421994"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/aenm.202500220"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/D3EE00835E"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.202415161"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41563-024-02062-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.202001763"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jechem.2025.07.034"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/EXP.70001"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.20517\/energymater.2024.64"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.matre.2024.100284"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41560-022-00990-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adfm.202209643"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.202309672"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/smll.202502829"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/aenm.202501600"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_17_1","article-title":"Delocalizing 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