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Here, taking Mn\n                    <jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>\n                    O\n                    <jats:sub>4<\/jats:sub>\n                    as a starting model, we propose a confined cascade reconstruction strategy that synergistically combines thermochemical and electrochemical reconstruction to break this limitation. Specifically, a polyurethane\u2010mediated interfacial thermochemical reconstruction tailors a defect\u2010rich carbon layer and introduces abundant oxygen vacancies into Mn\n                    <jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>\n                    O\n                    <jats:sub>4<\/jats:sub>\n                    , which subsequently enables rapid and spatially confined electrochemical reconstruction into the active MnO\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    phase. Theoretical calculations indicate that the N\/O\u00a0co\u2010doped carbon and oxygen vacancy interface substantially lowers the kinetic barrier for *OH dissociation, thereby accelerating the reconstruction kinetics. Concurrently, interfacial electronic coupling increases the Mn extraction energy of MnO\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    , effectively stabilizing the reconstructed structure and overcoming the intrinsic activity\u2010stability trade\u2010off. Accordingly, the electrode achieves a volumetric capacitance of 100 F cm\n                    <jats:sup>\u22123<\/jats:sup>\n                    and a gravimetric capacitance of 180 F g\n                    <jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>\n                    at an ultrahigh current density of 150 A g\n                    <jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>\n                    , while retaining 83.6% of its initial capacitance after 50\u00a0000 cycles. Moreover, at a commercial\u2010level mass loading of 7.6\u00a0mg cm\n                    <jats:sup>\u22122<\/jats:sup>\n                    , high volumetric and areal capacitances of up to 168 F cm\n                    <jats:sup>\u22123<\/jats:sup>\n                    and 1557 mF cm\n                    <jats:sup>\u22122<\/jats:sup>\n                    are achieved.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/smll.75672","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,18]],"date-time":"2026-09-18T14:20:47Z","timestamp":1789741247000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Confined Cascade Reconstruction of Mn\n                    <sub>3<\/sub>\n                    O\n                    <sub>4<\/sub>\n                    Microstructures for High\u2010Rate and Ultralong\u2010Life Energy Storage"],"prefix":"10.1002","author":[{"given":"Na","family":"Hu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Xi'an Key Laboratory of Functional Organic Porous Materials School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Northwestern Polytechnical University  Xi'an P. 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