{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,4]],"date-time":"2026-10-04T13:53:31Z","timestamp":1791122011314,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":69,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,4]],"date-time":"2026-10-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1791072000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,4]],"date-time":"2026-10-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1791072000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["81974222"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["81974222"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Small"],"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Background: Energy deficiency and mitochondrial dysfunction are key features of heart failure (HF), while current therapies only indirectly improve cardiac metabolism. We developed a biomimetic photoactivatable nanoplatform, cardiomyocyte membrane\u2010camouflaged photosynthetic nano\u2010thylakoids (MM\u2010NTU), to enhance myocardial bioenergetics.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>Methods and Results: Nano\u2010thylakoids were isolated from spinach chloroplasts, downsized, and coated with cardiomyocyte membranes to improve cardiac association and retention. In transverse aortic constriction (TAC) rats, intramyocardial MM\u2010NTU administration combined with red\u2010light activation improved systolic function, reduced fibrosis, and attenuated ventricular remodeling. In angiotensin II\u2010injured cardiomyocytes, MM\u2010NTU stabilized mitochondrial membrane potential, increased ATP production, and suppressed hypertrophic and profibrotic markers. Multi\u2010omics analyses revealed restoration of glucose\u2010related metabolites and mitochondrial energy intermediates, reduced oxidative stress, and improved bioenergetic efficiency. MM\u2010NTU also modulated AMPK\u2010related signaling and altered Pck1 and Adipoq expression, consistent with enhanced glucose utilization. Biodistribution and histological analyses showed favorable biocompatibility without evident major\u2010organ toxicity.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>Conclusions: MM\u2010NTU enhances ATP generation, glucose utilization, and mitochondrial energy metabolism, thereby improving myocardial bioenergetics and cardiac function under pressure overload.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/smll.76087","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,4]],"date-time":"2026-10-04T13:25:47Z","timestamp":1791120347000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Cardiomyocyte Membrane\u2010Camouflaged Spinach Nano\u2010Thylakoids Enhance Myocardial Energy Metabolism and Ameliorate Heart Failure"],"prefix":"10.1002","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-1800-1713","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Haohui","family":"Fan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Geriatrics Union Hospital 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Hangzhou China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Quan","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Geriatrics Union Hospital Tongji Medical College Huazhong University of Science and Technology  Wuhan China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaofang","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Geriatrics Hubei Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine  Wuhan China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Guangyu","family":"Gao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Geriatrics Union Hospital Tongji Medical College Huazhong University of Science and Technology  Wuhan China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-2264-1258","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xinyue","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Geriatrics Union Hospital Tongji Medical College Huazhong University of Science and Technology  Wuhan China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xueke","family":"Guang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Geriatrics Union Hospital Tongji Medical College Huazhong University of Science and Technology  Wuhan China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tianci","family":"Yao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Geriatrics Union Hospital Tongji Medical College Huazhong University of Science and Technology  Wuhan China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ting","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Geriatrics Union Hospital Tongji Medical College Huazhong University of Science and Technology  Wuhan 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