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Furthermore, advances in materials and architectures necessitate a unified theoretical foundation. This review establishes a multiscale theoretical framework that integrates thermodynamics, transport phenomena, material\u2010fluid interactions, and system\u2010level functionality to bridge these gaps. The coupled roles of thermal regulation and vapor\u2010diffusion kinetics are analyzed across diverse evaporator architectures, from planar and sandwich structures to multisurface and volumetric 3D designs. Key intrinsic design elements, including photothermal materials, interfacial wettability, water\u2010transport channels, and salt\u2010removal mechanisms, are systematically examined, alongside multi\u2010field synergistic strategies incorporating optical, thermal, aerodynamic, and electrical assistance for enhanced and all\u2010weather operation. Emerging multifunctional systems that couple evaporation with condensation, catalysis, and selective ion recovery are further discussed. By unifying physical principles with structural and functional design strategies, this review offers a conceptual roadmap for standardized performance evaluation, multifunctional integration, and the rational development of next\u2010generation solar\u2010driven water and water\u2010energy\u2010resource systems.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/smll.76088","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,4]],"date-time":"2026-10-04T13:09:34Z","timestamp":1791119374000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Unifying Physics, Structure, and Function in Solar Interfacial Evaporation: A Multiscale Perspective"],"prefix":"10.1002","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-0358-073X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Haotian","family":"Zheng","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Materials and Chemistry University of Shanghai for Science and Technology  Shanghai China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6129-0609","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Aiying","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Materials and Chemistry University of Shanghai for Science and Technology  Shanghai China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaofeng","family":"Xie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Materials and Chemical Engineering Wuhu University  Wuhu China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0087-8986","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ming","family":"Wen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Precious Metal Functional Materials Yunnan Precious Metals Lab Co., LTD.  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