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In this study, a robust label\u2010free electrochemical immunosensor for cortisol detection is based on screen printed carbon electrodes (SPE) modified with pristine DND. By utilizing EDC\/NHS, efficient covalent crosslinking and stable antibody immobilization is achieved, as shown by comprehensive morphological and spectroscopic characterization (AFM, SEM, Raman, FTIR). Electrochemical analyses demonstrate that the DND interlayer functions as efficient multifunctional nanoscale mediator, enhancing interfacial electron transfer kinetics and providing stable biointerface. The resulting immunosensor exhibits high sensitivity with relevant linear range of 0.1 to 100 nM\u00a0 and detection limit of 10 pM, alongside high selectivity against structurally related hormones and robust long\u2010term storage stability. Validation in artificial saliva matrices demonstrates reliable performance and successful recovery. Benchmarking confirms that the DND\u2010engineered SPE can offer a scalable, low\u2010cost, reliable, competitive platform for non\u2010invasive cortisol monitoring in point\u2010of\u2010care applications.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/smll.76203","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,18]],"date-time":"2026-10-18T20:03:35Z","timestamp":1792353815000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Electron\u2010Transfer Engineered Biointerface With Detonation Nanodiamonds for Next\u2010Generation Cortisol Electrochemical Immunoassay"],"prefix":"10.1002","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0097-9322","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chakavak","family":"Esmaeili","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Electrical Engineering Czech Technical University in Prague  Prague 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