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This review provides an overview of fundamental technologies to fabricate cell sheets and recent advances in cell sheet\u2010based tissue engineering. In addition to the commonly used temperature\u2010responsive systems, we introduce alternative approaches, such as ROS\u2010induced, magnetic\u2010controlled, and light\u2010induced cell sheet technologies. Moreover, we discuss the modification of the cell sheet to improve its function, including stacking, genetic modification, and vascularization. With the significant advances in cell sheet technology, cell sheets have been widely applied in various tissues and organs, including but not limited to the lung, cornea, cartilage, periodontium, heart, and liver. This review further describes both the preclinical and clinical applications of cell sheets. 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