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This study focuses on the role of the coating, a key parameter that controls both in\u2009vitro and in\u2009vivo properties of nanoparticles, including their internalization, biocompatibility, and therapeutic efficacy. Polyethylene glycol and tripolyphosphate molecules are used to coat lanthanum fluoride nanoscintillators, and their properties are evaluated on pancreatic cancer models. The experiments demonstrate a higher internalization of the nanoparticles when coated with tripolyphosphate, in both 2D and 3D culture models, correlating with greater efficacy under X\u2010rays, which may be associated with higher radiation dose\u2010enhancement. The nanoparticles are also injected intravenously in healthy or tumor\u2010bearing mice in order to study their toxicity, pharmacokinetics, and biodistribution. Despite a strong liver and spleen accumulation, especially for the tripolyphosphate\u2010coated nanoparticles, no toxicity is observed for either coating. 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