{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,28]],"date-time":"2026-07-28T19:42:51Z","timestamp":1785267771493,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":59,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,28]],"date-time":"2025-07-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1753660800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000181","name":"Air Force Office of Scientific Research","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["FA8655\u201022\u20101\u20107014"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["FA8655\u201022\u20101\u20107014"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000181","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000781","name":"European Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000781","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Small Science"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>The spontaneous self\u2010assembly of supramolecular structures within biological environments offers a powerful strategy for developing functional biomaterials capable of interacting with living systems. By integrating optical spectroscopy with quantum\u2010chemical calculations, it is demonstrated that the assembly of 2,6\u2010diphenyl\u20103,5\u2010dimethyl\u2010dithieno[3,2\u2010b:2\u2032,3\u2032\u2010d]thiophene\u20104,4\u2010dioxide (DTTO) molecules into fibers within cells leads to distinct photophysical properties and enhanced biocompatibility. Photoluminescence and transient absorption spectroscopy reveal weak intermolecular interactions in the fibers, which are sufficient for supporting energy and charge transport. Additionally, the observation of stimulated emission suggests that optical gain can be achieved within these fibers. Biological assays on <jats:italic>Escherichia coli<\/jats:italic> exposed to DTTO provide insight into the material's stability and biocompatibility. While DTTO aggregates formed in aqueous environments exhibit phototoxicity, DTTO fibers produced by cells do not. Time\u2010resolved spectroscopy suggests that this difference arises from the absence of long\u2010lived photoexcited states in the fibers, a consequence of their distinct molecular packing. These findings underscore the fundamental role of cell\u2010guided self\u2010assembly in tuning optical properties and, consequently, in modulating biological interactions, positioning DTTO fibers as promising candidates for biocompatible electronic interfaces and intracellular applications.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/smsc.202500241","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,28]],"date-time":"2025-07-28T08:58:32Z","timestamp":1753693112000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["From Molecules to Bioaggregates: Unraveling the Photoexcitation Dynamics of Intracellularly Self\u2010Assembled Thiophene\u2010Based Fibers"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"5","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9806-1957","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Filippo","family":"Monti","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Organic Synthesis and Photoreactivity (ISOF) National Research Council of Italy (CNR)  Via P. Gobetti 101 I\u201040129 Bologna Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ludovico","family":"Aloisio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dipartimento di Fisica Politecnico di Milano  Piazza L. da Vinci 32 20133 Milano Italy"},{"name":"Center for Nano Science and Technology Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia  Via Rubattino 81 20134 Milano Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nicol","family":"Spallacci","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Organic Synthesis and Photoreactivity (ISOF) National Research Council of Italy (CNR)  Via P. Gobetti 101 I\u201040129 Bologna Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mattia","family":"Zangoli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Organic Synthesis and Photoreactivity (ISOF) National Research Council of Italy (CNR)  Via P. Gobetti 101 I\u201040129 Bologna Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Antonella","family":"Treglia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dipartimento di Fisica Politecnico di Milano  Piazza L. da Vinci 32 20133 Milano Italy"},{"name":"Center for Nano Science and Technology Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia  Via Rubattino 81 20134 Milano Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ariel Garc\u00eca","family":"Fleitas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dipartimento di Fisica Politecnico di Milano  Piazza L. da Vinci 32 20133 Milano Italy"},{"name":"Center for Nano Science and Technology Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia  Via Rubattino 81 20134 Milano Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michele","family":"Guizzardi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dipartimento di Fisica Politecnico di Milano  Piazza L. da Vinci 32 20133 Milano Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Soraia","family":"Flammini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Organic Synthesis and Photoreactivity (ISOF) National Research Council of Italy (CNR)  Via P. Gobetti 101 I\u201040129 Bologna Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Matteo","family":"Moschetta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Nano Science and Technology Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia  Via Rubattino 81 20134 Milano Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giuseppe Maria","family":"Patern\u00f2","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dipartimento di Fisica Politecnico di Milano  Piazza L. da Vinci 32 20133 Milano Italy"},{"name":"Center for Nano Science and Technology Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia  Via Rubattino 81 20134 Milano Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5557-3816","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Francesca","family":"Di Maria","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Organic Synthesis and Photoreactivity (ISOF) National Research Council of Italy (CNR)  Via P. Gobetti 101 I\u201040129 Bologna Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2442-4495","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Guglielmo","family":"Lanzani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dipartimento di Fisica Politecnico di Milano  Piazza L. da Vinci 32 20133 Milano Italy"},{"name":"Center for Nano Science and Technology Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia  Via Rubattino 81 20134 Milano Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.072065599"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-90-481-2582-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41570-022-00373-x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/anie.202114267"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acsnano.4c16669"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/D2CS00999D"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","first-page":"45821","volume":"16","author":"Song N.","year":"2024","journal-title":"Interfaces"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/anbr.202300137"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/jacs.0c05261"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-023-40935-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1088\/1361-6528\/ac3f54"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.072699999"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acsomega.0c00381"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/D4NR00383G"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41392-024-01888-z"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molcel.2021.08.018"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41580-024-00730-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11426-021-1091-x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/flm2.31"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.chemrev.1c00390"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-023-40175-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/ja2065522"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.accounts.5b00241"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.202302756"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/c3ib40064f"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/C4TB01562B"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acsomega.1c06677"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.isci.2020.101022"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.cgd.1c01084"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acscentsci.8b00289"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/jacs.9b01883"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1119\/1.1466815"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/andp.19083300302"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/cm010436t"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acsnano.4c11681"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adfm.201602996"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/ar900233v"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.chemrev.7b00581"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-540-72865-8_11"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41377-021-00466-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.202001439"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1088\/2040-8978\/18\/10\/103501"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_44_1","volume-title":"Gaussian 16, Revision B.01","author":"Frisch M. J.","year":"2016"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00214-007-0310-x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/ar700111a"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/c0cp00549e"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/b508541a"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/cr9904009"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/jp9716997"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/C2CS35394F"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/wcms.1606"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1063\/1.3173827"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1063\/1.4773581"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_55_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00214-007-0250-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_56_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/b515623h"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_57_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jcc.26726"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_58_1","volume-title":"GaussView, Version 6","author":"Dennington R.","year":"2016"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_59_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1107\/S1600576719014092"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_60_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1063\/1.1558471"}],"container-title":["Small Science"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/smsc.202500241","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,6]],"date-time":"2025-10-06T05:19:46Z","timestamp":1759727986000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/smsc.202500241"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,28]]},"references-count":59,"journal-issue":{"issue":"10","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,10]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/smsc.202500241"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/smsc.202500241","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["2688-4046","2688-4046"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2688-4046","type":"print"},{"value":"2688-4046","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,28]]},"article-number":"2500241"}}