{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,7]],"date-time":"2026-08-07T16:09:19Z","timestamp":1786118959444,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":83,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,30]],"date-time":"2026-03-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1774828800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,30]],"date-time":"2026-03-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1774828800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Small Science"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Water remediation technologies urgently require materials that are sustainable, efficient, and regenerable. Here, we report a dynamic covalent aerogel derived from chitosan and formylated lignin, enabling dual functionality in heavy metal adsorption and heterogeneous catalysis. The aerogel is formed through reversible imine bonds between chitosan and aldehyde\u2010functionalized lignin, synthesized via a mild Reimer\u2013Tiemann reaction. The resulting monoliths exhibit high structural integrity, solvent and pH resistance (pH \u2265 7), and remarkable adsorption capacities for Cu\n                    <jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>\n                    , Pb\n                    <jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>\n                    , and Zn\n                    <jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>\n                    ions (up to 32.8\u2009mg\/g for Cu\n                    <jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>\n                    ). Density functional theory (DFT) calculations reveal tridentate coordination as the dominant binding mechanism. When loaded with Cu\n                    <jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>\n                    , the aerogels act as effective heterogeneous catalysts for the Chan\u2013Lam crosscoupling reaction in ethanol. They achieve initial yields of up to 92% and retain their catalytic activity over multiple reuse cycles. Importantly, the dynamic covalent framework allows complete recovery and regeneration of all components, underscoring its potential as a circular, bio\u2010based platform for sustainable water detoxification and green catalysis.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/smsc.202500602","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,31]],"date-time":"2026-03-31T01:01:41Z","timestamp":1774918901000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Smart Materials for Dirty Waters: Reversible Aerogels Unlock Closed\u2010Loop Heavy Metal Remediation"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"6","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4494-3855","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Davide","family":"Gentile","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry Materials and Chemical Engineering \u201cG. Natta\u201d Politecnico di Milano  Milano Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0188-9505","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dario","family":"Allevi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry Materials and Chemical Engineering \u201cG. Natta\u201d Politecnico di Milano  Milano Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Massimo","family":"Zambito Marsala","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry Materials and Chemical Engineering \u201cG. Natta\u201d Politecnico di Milano  Milano Italy"},{"name":"ZHAW Zurich University of Applied Sciences IMPE Institute of Materials and Processing Engineering  Winterthur Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lucrezia","family":"Criscuolo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry Materials and Chemical Engineering \u201cG. 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Monitoring the situation of children and women accessed February 17 2026 https:\/\/data.unicef.org\/topic\/water\u2010and\u2010sanitation\/drinking\u2010water\/."},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gloenvcha.2015.03.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1029\/2019EF001152"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41893-017-0006-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s42949-021-00026-w"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11356-022-18643-y"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.abo3959"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_10_10_1","first-page":"18","article-title":"Copper Concentrations Found from Drinking Water, Soils, and Vegetables","volume":"12","author":"Gwanya H.","year":"2023","journal-title":"American Journal of Environmental Protection"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jwpe.2021.102518"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph17072179"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_13_1","unstructured":"World Health Organization.Guidelines for drinking\u2010water quality: fourth edition incorporating the first addendum. 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