{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T14:59:57Z","timestamp":1790693997563,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,18]],"date-time":"2026-09-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1789689600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":17,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788220800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100007053","name":"Korea Institute of Energy Technology Evaluation and Planning","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["RS\u20102025\u201002654073"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RS\u20102025\u201002654073"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100007053","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Small Science"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Hybrid catalysts combining semiconductors with molecular metal complexes have emerged as a promising strategy for efficient solar\u2010to\u2010chemical conversion under mild conditions; however, the mechanistic origin of their catalytic selectivity remains poorly understood. Here, we report a TiO\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    \/[Co(bpy)\n                    <jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>\n                    ]\n                    <jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>\n                    hybrid photocatalyst that exhibits significantly enhanced activity and selectivity for CO\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    \u2010to\u2010CO conversion compared with pristine TiO\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    . By combining electrochemical analysis, DFT, and TAS, we address consecutive elementary steps of the photocatalytic cycle: electrochemical analysis establishes the conditions for catalyst activation, DFT identifies the thermodynamic origin of CO\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    coordination selectivity at the activated center, and TAS provides supporting evidence for interfacial electron transfer dynamics under photocatalytic conditions. Specifically, DFT calculations show that CO\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    coordination is thermodynamically favored over proton adsorption, providing a basis for the suppressed hydrogen evolution. TAS observations are consistent with fast electron injection from TiO\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    to the Co\u2013bpy complex and the formation of a long\u2010lived transient species under CO\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    conditions, supporting the involvement of stabilized reduced intermediates in the proposed catalytic pathway. This interplay between interfacial charge transfer and CO\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    \u2010specific intermediate formation is consistent with the high selectivity toward CO production. These findings provide mechanistic insight into the roles of the semiconductor and molecular catalyst in hybrid photocatalysis.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/smsc.70407","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,18]],"date-time":"2026-09-18T12:31:01Z","timestamp":1789734661000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Unveiling the Mechanisms of Photocatalytic CO\n                    <sub>2<\/sub>\n                    Reduction Reaction in Semiconductor\/Metal Complex Hybrid Photocatalyst"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"6","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-8907-2778","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dasom","family":"Kim","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemical Engineering Hanyang University  Seoul Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gayoung","family":"Ham","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Energy Engineering Kyungpook National University  Daegu Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jonghwan","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology  Ulsan Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-7348-4866","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yeseul","family":"Jo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemical Engineering Hanyang University  Seoul Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jeongu","family":"You","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemical Engineering Hanyang University  Seoul Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5636-3407","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Seung Kyu","family":"Min","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology  Ulsan Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0184-9471","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hyojung","family":"Cha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Energy Engineering Kyungpook National University  Daegu Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2400-0473","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Youn Jeong","family":"Jang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemical Engineering Hanyang University  Seoul Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/cr00035a013"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nmat3697"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/D0QI01228A"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/B800489G"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acscatal.6b02181"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jphotochemrev.2015.09.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467\u2010024\u201054026\u20102"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.v38.16"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/jacs.4c03128"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_1","first-page":"4\u201011\u20104542","article-title":"A New Nickel (II) Cyclam (cyclam=, Complex Covalently Attached to Tris (1, 10\u2010Phenanthroline) Ruthenium (2+). 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