{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,22]],"date-time":"2026-10-22T06:55:05Z","timestamp":1792652105651,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,25]],"date-time":"2021-11-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1637798400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["62074027"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["62074027"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Small Methods"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Electrode microfabrication technologies such as lithography and deposition have been widely applied in wearable electronics to boost interfacial coupling efficiency and device performance. However, a majority of these approaches are restricted by expensive and complicated processing techniques, as well as waste discharge. Here, helium plasma irradiation is employed to yield a molybdenum microstructured electrode, which is constructed into a flexible piezoresistive pressure sensor based on a Ti\n                    <jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>\n                    C\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    T\n                    <jats:sub>x<\/jats:sub>\n                    nanosheet\u2010immersed polyurethane sponge. This electrode engineering strategy enables the smooth transition between sponge deformation and MXene interlamellar displacement, giving rise to high sensitivity (1.52\u00a0kPa\n                    <jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>\n                    ) and good linearity (\n                    <jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\n                    <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                    \u00a0=\u00a00.9985) in a wide sensing range (0\u2013100\u00a0kPa) with a response time of 226\u00a0ms for pressure detection. In addition, both the experimental characterization and finite element simulation confirm that the hierarchical structures modulated by pore size, plasma bias, and MXene concentration play a crucial role in improving the sensing performance. Furthermore, the as\u2010developed flexible pressure sensor is demonstrated to measure human radial pulse, detect finger tapping, foot stomping, and perform object identification, revealing great feasibility in wearable biomonitoring and health assessment.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/smtd.202101051","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,26]],"date-time":"2021-11-26T06:41:08Z","timestamp":1637908868000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":104,"title":["MXene\u2010Sponge Based High\u2010Performance Piezoresistive Sensor for Wearable Biomonitoring and Real\u2010Time Tactile Sensing"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"6","author":[{"given":"Qikun","family":"Wei","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Electronic Thin Films and Integrated Devices School of Optoelectronic Science and Engineering University of Electronic Science and Technology of China  Chengdu 610054 China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Guorui","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Bioengineering University of California  Los Angeles CA 90095 USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hong","family":"Pan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Electronic Thin Films and Integrated Devices School of Optoelectronic Science and Engineering University of Electronic Science and Technology of China  Chengdu 610054 China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zongbiao","family":"Ye","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Nuclear Science and Technology Sichuan University  Chengdu 610064 China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christian","family":"Au","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Electronic Thin Films and Integrated Devices School of Optoelectronic Science and Engineering University of Electronic Science and Technology of China  Chengdu 610054 China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chunxu","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Electronic Thin Films and Integrated Devices School of Optoelectronic Science and Engineering University of Electronic Science and Technology of China  Chengdu 610054 China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xun","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Bioengineering University of California  Los Angeles CA 90095 USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yihao","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Bioengineering University of California  Los Angeles CA 90095 USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7861-5596","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xiao","family":"Xiao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Bioengineering University of California  Los Angeles CA 90095 USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Huiling","family":"Tai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Electronic Thin Films and Integrated Devices School of Optoelectronic Science and Engineering University of Electronic Science and Technology of China  Chengdu 610054 China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yadong","family":"Jiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Electronic Thin Films and Integrated Devices School of Optoelectronic Science and Engineering University of Electronic Science and Technology of China  Chengdu 610054 China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Guangzhong","family":"Xie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Electronic Thin Films and Integrated Devices School of Optoelectronic Science and Engineering University of Electronic Science and Technology of China  Chengdu 610054 China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuanjie","family":"Su","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Electronic Thin Films and Integrated Devices School of Optoelectronic Science and Engineering University of Electronic Science and Technology of China  Chengdu 610054 China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3439-0495","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jun","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Bioengineering University of California  Los Angeles CA 90095 USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_1_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adfm.201806388"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joule.2021.03.013"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.matt.2019.12.025"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.nanolett.8b04514"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adfm.202008936"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.202101262"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.matt.2021.03.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acsami.0c23042"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nanoen.2019.104436"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acsami.8b14514"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nanoen.2021.106321"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41928-021-00560-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.chemrev.9b00821"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41928-020-0428-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tibtech.2020.12.011"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bios.2020.112714"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/D1TA02518J"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/D1CC02091A"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.trechm.2021.01.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adfm.202010962"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.matt.2021.01.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.202007502"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.matt.2021.09.012"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_24_1","author":"Zhou Y.","journal-title":"Nat. Mater."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-021-27066-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acsnano.7b02826"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.compscitech.2020.108617"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nanoen.2018.05.020"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcis.2019.01.123"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nanoen.2020.105252"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adfm.201907091"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nanoen.2017.04.015"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nanoen.2019.104346"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/smll.201401207"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adfm.201903100"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/nn505953t"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41427-018-0031-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/s20236965"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/aelm.201901064"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acsami.7b05753"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/aelm.201600455"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mtchem.2021.100496"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pmatsci.2019.100617"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/smtd.202001041"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jctb.5706"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acsami.7b15252"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/D0TA07044K"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acsnano.7b06909"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fusengdes.2013.05.014"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s42864-020-00044-8"}],"container-title":["Small Methods"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/smtd.202101051","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1002\/smtd.202101051","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/smtd.202101051","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,27]],"date-time":"2023-08-27T11:02:31Z","timestamp":1693134151000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/smtd.202101051"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,25]]},"references-count":50,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,2]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/smtd.202101051"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/smtd.202101051","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["2366-9608","2366-9608"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2366-9608","type":"print"},{"value":"2366-9608","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,25]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2021-09-02","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2021-11-25","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"2101051"}}