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The approach is based on the high\u2010affinity interaction between aptamers and PD\u2010L1 and mucin 1, which are overexpressed on the cell surface, in conjunction with functional Y\u2010DNA nanospheres and catalytic hairpin assembly amplifications, enabling the simultaneous detection of two proteins. Additionally, a four\u2010armed nanostructure with significant spatial site resistance is self\u2010assembled by introducing streptavidin with biotinylated\u2010hairpin structures, improving the separation efficiency of the filter membrane. This structural design enables the effective isolation of biotin\u2010T\u2010Hg\n                    <jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>\n                    \u2010T and biotin\u2010C\u2010Ag\n                    <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                    \u2010C from free Hg\n                    <jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>\n                    and Ag\n                    <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                    , facilitating highly sensitive dual\u2010protein detection via ICP\u2010MS. The limits of detection reached ag\u00a0mL\n                    <jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>\n                    levels for proteins and single\u2010cell levels for A549 cells. CTCs are extracted from whole blood samples of lung cancer patients within 45\u00a0min through a simple centrifugation procedure. Quantification of CTCs is performed in 37 clinical samples, demonstrating results consistent with clinical diagnoses. The assay exhibits a specificity of 100% and a sensitivity of 94.5%.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/smtd.202500314","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,23]],"date-time":"2025-03-23T13:23:35Z","timestamp":1742736215000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Filter\u2010Assisted ICP\u2010MS Tumor Liquid Biopsy Enabled by Dual\u2010Target\u2010Regulated Functional DNA Nanospheres Cascade Amplification"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"9","author":[{"given":"Yiman","family":"Wu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Chemistry and Material Science Sichuan Normal University  Chengdu Sichuan 610068 China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yue","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Laboratory Medicine Med+X Center for Manufacturing National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics West China 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