{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,29]],"date-time":"2026-07-29T21:16:49Z","timestamp":1785359809177,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,17]],"date-time":"2025-06-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1750118400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,17]],"date-time":"2025-06-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1750118400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["22075188"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["22075188"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012226","name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012226","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100013314","name":"Higher Education Discipline Innovation Project","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["B20001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["B20001"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100013314","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Small Methods"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Developing highly active and robust bifunctional electrocatalysts for overall water splitting is of great significance for the production of green hydrogen energy. Herein, heterostructured CoP\/NiCoP nanoparticles that are encapsulated one\u2010to\u2010one in nano caves of soda\u2010biscuit\u2010like ultrathin carbon nanosheets (CoP\/NiCoP\/CMS) are prepared, using melamine\u2010formaldehyde sponge (MS) that grew Co\/NiCo hydroxides as precursor and phytic acid (PA) as phosphorus source. Especially, the PA\u2010induced blowing behavior during pyrolysis not only transforms the 3D networks of MS into 2D ultrathin carbon nanosheets of CMS, but also achieves the uniform one\u2010to\u2010one superconfinement of hetero\u2010nanoparticles within both the intralayer nanocaves and interlayer spaces of the carbon nanosheets. Benefit from the superconfinement and interface engineering, CoP\/NiCoP\/CMS shows low overpotentials of 247 and 124\u00a0mV at 10\u00a0mA cm\n                    <jats:sup>\u22122<\/jats:sup>\n                    , as well as good stabilities toward both oxygen and hydrogen evolution reactions, respectively. Moreover, CoP\/NiCoP\/CMS\/\/CoP\/NiCoP\/CMS electrolyzer only requires 1.56\u00a0V to achieve 10\u00a0mA cm\n                    <jats:sup>\u22122<\/jats:sup>\n                    . Experimental and theoretical results demonstrate that heterojunction interfaces can well regulate the electronic structure and enhance the intrinsic activity of CoP\/NiCoP\/CMS, meanwhile, soda\u2010biscuit\u2010like architecture guarantees the compatibility of high activity and good stability. This work proposes a novel and universal strategy for designing advanced electrocatalysts for efficient overall water splitting.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/smtd.202500643","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,17]],"date-time":"2025-06-17T07:53:59Z","timestamp":1750146839000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Superconfinement Engineering of Hetero\u2010Nanoparticles in Ultrathin Carbon Nanosheets Enables Highly\u2010Efficient Water Splitting"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Yang\u2010Yang","family":"Xie","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"The Collaborative Innovation Center for Eco\u2010Friendly and Fire\u2010Safety Polymeric Materials (MoE) National Engineering Laboratory of Eco\u2010Friendly Polymeric Materials (Sichuan) National Key Laboratory of Advanced Polymer Materials College of Chemistry Sichuan University  Chengdu 610064 China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hao","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Collaborative Innovation Center for Eco\u2010Friendly and Fire\u2010Safety Polymeric Materials (MoE) National Engineering Laboratory of Eco\u2010Friendly Polymeric Materials (Sichuan) National Key Laboratory of Advanced Polymer Materials College of Chemistry Sichuan University  Chengdu 610064 China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ying\u2010Ying","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Collaborative Innovation Center for Eco\u2010Friendly and Fire\u2010Safety Polymeric Materials (MoE) National Engineering Laboratory of Eco\u2010Friendly Polymeric Materials (Sichuan) National Key Laboratory of Advanced Polymer Materials College of Chemistry Sichuan University  Chengdu 610064 China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Si\u2010Chong","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Collaborative Innovation Center for Eco\u2010Friendly and Fire\u2010Safety Polymeric Materials (MoE) National Engineering Laboratory of Eco\u2010Friendly Polymeric Materials (Sichuan) National Key Laboratory of Advanced Polymer Materials College of Chemistry Sichuan University  Chengdu 610064 China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8306-2076","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gang","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Collaborative Innovation Center for Eco\u2010Friendly and Fire\u2010Safety Polymeric Materials (MoE) National Engineering Laboratory of Eco\u2010Friendly Polymeric Materials (Sichuan) National Key Laboratory of Advanced Polymer Materials College of Chemistry Sichuan University  Chengdu 610064 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