{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,15]],"date-time":"2026-10-15T03:33:52Z","timestamp":1792035232043,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":59,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"18","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,11]],"date-time":"2026-06-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1781136000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,11]],"date-time":"2026-06-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1781136000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Small Methods"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Immune cell therapies show promise in hematologic malignancies and are becoming more effective in solid tumors like lungs, melanoma, and colorectal cancers. Magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) are mostly used as tracers via magnetic particle imaging(MPI) or magnetic resonance imaging(MRI), and heat mediators to monitor and kill cancer cells via magnetic hyperthermia (MHT). Here, we apply a mild\u2010MHT protocol (38\u201341\u00b0C\/60\u00a0min) as a new means to boost MNPs uptake by immune cells under a harmless alternating magnetic field (AMF). Various MNPs formulations, including iron oxide or zinc\u2010ferrite compositions stabilized by different polymers, were selected for their heating performance and colloidal stability. NK\u201092 cell line and NK cells from healthy donors exhibited enhanced MNP internalization upon AMF exposure without compromising viability, receptor expression, and effector functions. MNP\u2010loaded NK cells retained cytotoxic activity, degranulating upon ligand engagement on glioblastoma and neuroblastoma targets. Similar outcomes were achieved with T cells. Thanks to its simplicity, this MHT\u2010protocol is suitable for clinical translation, as it can be straightforwardly integrated into existing GMP\u2010compliant adoptive cell therapy workflows in a hospital cell factory, enabling the preparation of magnetically tagged immune cells ready for tracking in cell therapy infusion.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/smtd.202502416","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,11]],"date-time":"2026-06-11T07:32:45Z","timestamp":1781163165000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Functional Repurposing of Magnetic Nanoparticle\u2010Assisted Hyperthermia for Immune Cell Labelling and Tracking"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Giulia E. P.","family":"Nucci","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Italian Institute of Technology  Genoa Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chiara","family":"Vitale","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Experimental Medicine (DIMES) University of Genoa  Genoa Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alessandro di","family":"Girolamo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Italian Institute of Technology  Genoa Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Niccol\u00f2","family":"Silvestri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Italian Institute of Technology  Genoa Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stefano","family":"Persano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Italian Institute of Technology  Genoa Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lorenci","family":"Gjurgjaj","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Italian Institute of Technology  Genoa Italy"},{"name":"The Open University Affiliated Research Center Italian Institute of Technology  Genoa Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cristina","family":"Bottino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Experimental Medicine (DIMES) University of Genoa  Genoa Italy"},{"name":"Clinical and Experimental Immunology Unit, Department of Services IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini Genoa Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Roberta","family":"Castriconi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Experimental Medicine (DIMES) University of Genoa  Genoa Italy"},{"name":"Clinical and Experimental Immunology Unit, Department of Services IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini Genoa Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5518-1134","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Teresa","family":"Pellegrino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Italian Institute of Technology  Genoa Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41392\u2010023\u201001674\u20103"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41590\u2010024\u201001883\u20100"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1198687"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","article-title":"Involvement of Activating NK Cell Receptors and Their Modulation in Pathogen Immunity","volume":"2011","author":"De Maria A.","year":"2011","journal-title":"Journal of Biomedicine and Biotechnology"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.imlet.2013.12.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2017.01124"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2017.01124"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1158\/0008\u20105472.CAN\u201004\u20102682"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41419-024-06976-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/eji.200324432"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cyto.2019.02.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2217\/imt.11.131"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/imr.13384"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13045\u2010022\u201001376\u20103"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrc3245"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms21207743"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.semcancer.2019.11.010"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acsnano.5b02153"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jconrel.2017.09.041"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI96791"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467\u2010018\u201004605\u2010x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nri3488"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/D4NR01195C"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acsnano.4c00699"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/pharmaceutics12020147"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7150\/thno.40805"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11060\u2010010\u20100389\u20100"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7150\/thno.67375"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1245\/s10434\u2010014\u20104024\u20108"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/pharmaceutics13101668"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11307\u2010024\u201001969\u2010z"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7150\/ntno.55165"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2019.02073"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2217\/nnm.15.24"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acsnano.1c01889"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/C8BM00588E"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.bioconjchem.9b00048"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biomaterials.2012.04.041"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/nn2048137"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41596\u2010022\u201000779\u20103"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/d1cs00427a"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/D1NR01044A"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/la500974r"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/c2nr30271c"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/02656736.2021.1899310"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers14133084"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1088\/1361\u20106560\/adaad0"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acsnano.7b08995"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biomaterials.2014.04.036"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/nn401924n"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/nl400188q"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmr.2012.11.029"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s44222\u2010024\u201000257\u20103"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_55_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/sII307\u2010024\u201001969\u2010z"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_56_1","first-page":"5507","article-title":"Effects of ADAM10 and ADAM17 Inhibitors on Natural Killer Cell Expansion and Antibody\u2010dependent Cellular Cytotoxicity against Breast Cancer Cells in Vitro","volume":"37","author":"Pham D. H.","year":"2017","journal-title":"Anticancer Research"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_57_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/c4tb00061g"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_58_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/b717801h"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_59_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/la500974r"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_60_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.bioconjchem.6b00524"}],"container-title":["Small Methods"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/smtd.202502416","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1002\/smtd.202502416","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/smtd.202502416","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,23]],"date-time":"2026-09-23T13:09:30Z","timestamp":1790168970000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/smtd.202502416"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,11]]},"references-count":59,"journal-issue":{"issue":"18","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/smtd.202502416"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/smtd.202502416","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["2366-9608","2366-9608"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2366-9608","type":"print"},{"value":"2366-9608","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,11]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2025-12-18","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-05-06","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-06-11","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e02416"}}