{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,23]],"date-time":"2026-09-23T14:00:47Z","timestamp":1790172047185,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":21,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"18","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1787011200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1787011200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Small Methods"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Synthesis of lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) for mRNA delivery is now standardized and automated. In contrast, post\u2010synthesis purification\u2014ethanol removal, clearance of unencapsulated components, and buffer exchange\u2014remains less controlled. Conventional bulk dialysis is time\u2010consuming, whereas centrifugal ultrafiltration, although rapid, can result in reduced particle recovery and mRNA preservation; both of these laboratory\u2010scale approaches present limitations for reproducible high\u2010throughput processing. Here we report a 3D\u2010printed microfluidic dialysis chip for continuous LNP purification. Mirrored serpentine sample and wash\u2010buffer channels run counter\u2010current across a clamped, interchangeable membrane in a three\u2010layer printed chip. A mass\u2010transfer model relating ethanol removal to the number of transfer units (NTU) identified channel height as the principal geometric design parameter under the fixed\u2010flow\u2010rate conditions tested. At a 100\u00a0kDa cut\u2010off and 25\u00a0\u00b5L\/min, the chip removed &gt;99% ethanol and adjusted pH from 4.0 to 7.4, processing 1\u00a0mL in 40\u00a0min at steady state. Membrane choice set a trade\u2010off: Polyethersulfone removed ethanol faster, whereas regenerated cellulose gave the highest particle recovery (83%). F\u00f6rster resonance energy transfer (FRET) confirmed preserved LNP integrity, and on\u2010chip purified mRNA\u2010LNPs matched bulk dialysis in transfection efficiency. Serial or parallel configurations offer a gentle, scalable route to LNP purification.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/smtd.70976","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,19]],"date-time":"2026-08-19T06:20:57Z","timestamp":1787120457000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["A Microfluidic Dialysis Chip for Continuous Purification of Lipid Nanoparticles"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"10","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4425-3574","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Da","family":"Zou","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Chemical Engineering College of Engineering and Information Technology Adelaide University  Adelaide South Australia 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Technology Adelaide University  Adelaide South Australia Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8721-6987","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Song","family":"Jin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Chemical Engineering College of Engineering and Information Technology Adelaide University  Adelaide South Australia Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8932-6135","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yang","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Chemical Engineering College of Engineering and Information Technology Adelaide University  Adelaide South Australia Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Phillip","family":"Elliott","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biocina  Thebarton South Australia 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