{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,8]],"date-time":"2026-10-08T03:55:06Z","timestamp":1791431706707,"version":"4.3.3"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"19","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,11]],"date-time":"2026-09-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1789084800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,11]],"date-time":"2026-09-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1789084800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["NSFC 32501599"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NSFC 32501599"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Small Methods"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Integrating walnut green husk\u2010derived carbonaceous nano\u2010lamellae (WCNL) into casein films (CF) addresses the challenge of combining mechanical strength, barrier performance, and antibacterial activity in sustainable food packaging. The hydrothermally synthesized WCNL features defect\u2010rich hierarchical networks that induces strong interfacial hydrogen bonding, creating a nano\u2010confined network, which dramatically improves mechanical strength (563% increase in tensile strength) and reduces water vapor permeability by 22.77% of CF\u2010WCNL, while offering excellent UV shielding and antioxidant activity. Standardized colony\u2010counting assays demonstrated antibacterial efficiencies approaching 100% against both E. coli and S. aureus under the tested conditions. Time\u2010kill kinetic analysis and live\/dead fluorescence staining further reveal a pronounced time\u2010dependent loss of bacterial viability, supporting a bactericidal rather than merely bacteriostatic effect. It is posited that the antibacterial behavior may be comprised of multiple concurrent processes, including edge\u2010mediated membrane disruption, physical immobilization by the interconnected WCNL architecture, and ROS\u2010induced oxidative stress. This hypothesis is supported by bacterial morphological observations and ROS analyses. These findings demonstrate the potential of biomass\u2010derived carbonaceous nano\u2010lamellae for developing mechanically robust and multifunctional bio\u2010based food\u2010packaging films.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/smtd.71015","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,12]],"date-time":"2026-09-12T05:34:23Z","timestamp":1789191263000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["An Antibacterial and Toughening Strategy Based on Carbonaceous Nano\u2010Lamellae Applying for Food Preservation"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"10","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-8571-4602","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zhengyong","family":"Yang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Wood and Bamboo Biomass Materials Southwest Forestry University  Kunming China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Weijia","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Wood and Bamboo Biomass Materials Southwest Forestry University  Kunming China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Juntao","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Wood and Bamboo Biomass Materials Southwest Forestry University  Kunming China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gege","family":"Mu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Wood and Bamboo Biomass Materials Southwest Forestry University  Kunming China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Feng","family":"Kuang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Wood and Bamboo Biomass Materials Southwest Forestry University  Kunming China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hui","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Jiangxi Academy of Forestry  Nanchang China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lei","family":"He","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Jiangxi Academy of Forestry  Nanchang China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bertrand","family":"Charrier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institut Des Sciences Analytiques Et De Physico\u2010Chimie pour Lenvironnement Et Les Mat\u00e9riaux\u2010Xylomat CNRS\/Univ Pau &amp; Pays Adour  Mont\u2010de\u2010Marsan France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Guanben","family":"Du","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Wood and Bamboo Biomass Materials Southwest Forestry University  Kunming China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xinyi","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Wood and Bamboo Biomass Materials Southwest Forestry University  Kunming China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-7052-1025","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hongda","family":"Guo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Wood and Bamboo Biomass Materials Southwest Forestry University  Kunming China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaojian","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Wood and Bamboo Biomass Materials Southwest Forestry University  Kunming China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-3511-831X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jianyong","family":"Wan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Wood and Bamboo Biomass Materials Southwest Forestry University  Kunming China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.26480\/gws.01.2021.17.20"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/app12042202"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jfpe.70095"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bioactmat.2021.04.033"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12951\u2010020\u201000702\u20106"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2016.01831"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-04477-0_3"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/jfb13040215"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1541\u20104337.12515"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.bioconjchem.2c00598"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00044\u2010022\u201002924\u20109"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0923\u20102508(90)90075\u20102"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.porgcoat.2016.06.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/nn500674g"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/pathogens9060459"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adfm.202112902"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cej.2024.155988"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4315\/JFP\u201021\u2010043"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cej.2025.165173"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2021.117683"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.colsurfb.2021.111682"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms23020585"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodchem.2026.148877"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclepro.2018.12.277"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodhyd.2025.112326"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodhyd.2025.111413"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/pts.2183"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467\u2010026\u201070998\u20109"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/smll.202514881"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/D5RA09751G"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1541\u20104337.70192"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11947\u2010023\u201003187\u2010x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/antiox11112193"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/jacs.5b11411"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.15835\/nbha47411460"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.carbon.2025.120214"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.electacta.2021.138557"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodhyd.2018.06.028"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cej.2022.139770"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms23116295"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ces.2025.121892"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.toxlet.2004.11.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adhm.202300324"}],"container-title":["Small Methods"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/smtd.71015","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1002\/smtd.71015","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/smtd.71015","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,8]],"date-time":"2026-10-08T03:39:14Z","timestamp":1791430754000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/smtd.71015"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,11]]},"references-count":43,"journal-issue":{"issue":"19","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,10]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/smtd.71015"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/smtd.71015","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["2366-9608","2366-9608"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2366-9608","type":"print"},{"value":"2366-9608","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,11]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2026-06-12","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-08-19","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-09-11","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e71015"}}