{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,9]],"date-time":"2026-10-09T07:51:18Z","timestamp":1791532278003,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,9]],"date-time":"2026-10-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1791504000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,9]],"date-time":"2026-10-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1791504000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Small Methods"],"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    In optogenetic neural probes, stimulus light intensity monitoring, thermal safety assessment, and stimulation artifact suppression are of critical importance for achieving cell\u2010type\u2010specific optical modulation and high\u2010fidelity neural signal recording. Here, micro light\u2010emitting diode (\u00b5LED) stimulation sources and photodetectors (PDs) were fabricated on a GaN\u2010based blue LED epitaxial structure on a sapphire substrate, and resistance temperature detectors (RTDs) and metal recording electrodes were monolithically integrated to form a multimodal neural probe. A dual electromagnetic shielding cage formed by metal layers and the n\n                    <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                    \u2010GaN layer encloses the LED drive and recording interconnects. The RTD\u2011equipped LED delivers an irradiance of 26.5\u00a0mW mm\n                    <jats:sup>\u22122<\/jats:sup>\n                    at 0.2\u00a0mA, and the PD yields a response voltage of 0.036\u00a0V in a brain\u2011mimicking agar phantom. The RTD exhibits a temperature sensitivity of 2.601 \u03a9 \u00b0C\n                    <jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>\n                    , and the local temperature rise stays below 1\u00b0C. Under irradiance above 50\u00a0mW mm\n                    <jats:sup>\u22122<\/jats:sup>\n                    , the dual cage combined with transient pulse shaping reduces the average artifact from 260 to 8.75 \u00b5V, approaching the system noise floor. In vitro simulated recordings in PBS demonstrate stable recording and basic discrimination of simulated neural\u2010like waveforms under LED stimulation. This work lays a foundation for multimodal integration and low\u2010artifact recording in optogenetic neural probes.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/smtd.71108","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,9]],"date-time":"2026-10-09T07:40:01Z","timestamp":1791531601000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["A Monolithically Integrated Multimodal Low\u2010Artifact Neural Probe for Optogenetic Applications"],"prefix":"10.1002","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7524-8268","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xien","family":"Yang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, School of Electronics and Information Technology Sun Yat\u2010sen University  Guangzhou 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