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In addition, recent data suggest an expanding role for such treatments in patients without axillary involvement. Although some node\u2010negative patients should probably not receive adjuvant therapy, the precise criteria to be used for selection are still under active discussion in the literature. Of the two types of systemic treatment, it is generally accepted that chemotherapy is indicated for premenopausal patients and that tamoxifen is useful for postmenopausal patients whose tumors contain estrogen or progesterone receptors. The recent analysis of several studies has suggested that chemotherapy may add to the benefits of tamoxifen in some postmenopausal patients as well. A possible role for tamoxifen in younger patients is beign evaluated. For patients at relatively low risk of systemic relapse (i.e., those with zero to three involved axillary lymph nodes), no chemotherapy regimen has yet shown an advantage over 6 months of cyclophosphamide, methotrexate and 5\u2010fluorouracil. For patients at high risk, however, doxorubicin\u2010based regimens have demonstrated benefits. Highdose chemotherapies, some involving autologous bone marrow support, are being investigated for patients with ten or more involved nodes who are at very high risk of the eventual development of stage IV deasease.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/ssu.2980070510","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,2,22]],"date-time":"2007-02-22T08:29:14Z","timestamp":1172132954000},"page":"283-290","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Adjuvant systemic therapy for early breast 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