{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,25]],"date-time":"2026-06-25T11:43:56Z","timestamp":1782387836575,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":61,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,3,1]],"date-time":"2017-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1488326400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"funder":[{"name":"European Community's Seventh Framework Program","award":["FP7\/2007-2013, SYBIL Project"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["FP7\/2007-2013, SYBIL Project"]}]},{"name":"PRIN Project","award":["20102M7T8X_003"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["20102M7T8X_003"]}]},{"name":"Programma Nazionale per la Ricerca-Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche Aging Project"},{"name":"Ministero della Salute - Giovani Ricercatori","award":["GR-2008-1134625"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["GR-2008-1134625"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002426","name":"Telethon Grant","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["GGP12178"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["GGP12178"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002426","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003196","name":"Ministero della Salute","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["5x1000 2008"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["5x1000 2008"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003196","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,5,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>Autosomal recessive osteopetrosis (ARO) is a severe bone disease characterized by increased bone density due to impairment in osteoclast resorptive function or differentiation. Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation is the only available treatment; however, this therapy is not effective in RANKL-dependent ARO, since in bone this gene is mainly expressed by cells of mesenchymal origin. Of note, whether lack of RANKL production might cause a defect also in the bone marrow (BM) stromal compartment, possibly contributing to the pathology, is unknown. To verify this possibility, we generated and characterized BM mesenchymal stromal cell (BM-MSC) lines from wild type and Rankl\u2212\/\u2212 mice, and found that Rankl\u2212\/\u2212 BM-MSCs displayed reduced clonogenicity and osteogenic capacity. The differentiation defect was significantly improved by lentiviral transduction of Rankl\u2212\/\u2212 BM-MSCs with a vector stably expressing human soluble RANKL (hsRANKL). Expression of Rankl receptor, Rank, on the cytoplasmic membrane of BM-MSCs pointed to the existence of an autocrine loop possibly activated by the secreted cytokine. Based on the close resemblance of RANKL-defective osteopetrosis in humans and mice, we expect that our results are also relevant for RANKL-dependent ARO patients. Data obtained in vitro after transduction with a lentiviral vector expressing hsRANKL would suggest that restoration of RANKL production might not only rescue the defective osteoclastogenesis of this ARO form, but also improve a less obvious defect in the osteoblast lineage, thus possibly achieving higher benefit for the patients, when the approach is translated to clinics.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/stem.2574","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,1,18]],"date-time":"2017-01-18T23:33:55Z","timestamp":1484782435000},"page":"1365-1377","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":29,"title":["Murine <i>Rankl\u2212\/\u2212<\/i> Mesenchymal Stromal Cells Display an Osteogenic Differentiation Defect Improved by a RANKL-Expressing Lentiviral Vector"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"35","author":[{"given":"Francesca","family":"Schena","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"a Laboratory of Immunology and Rheumatic Diseases, Pediatrics II, Genova, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ciro","family":"Menale","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"b Milan Unit, CNR-IRGB, Milan, Italy"},{"name":"c Laboratory of Human Genome, Humanitas Clinical and Research Institute, Rozzano, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Emanuela","family":"Caci","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"d Molecular Genetics Laboratory G. Gaslini Children's Hospital, Genova, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lorenzo","family":"Diomede","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"b Milan Unit, CNR-IRGB, Milan, Italy"},{"name":"c Laboratory of Human Genome, Humanitas Clinical and Research Institute, Rozzano, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eleonora","family":"Palagano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"c Laboratory of Human Genome, Humanitas Clinical and Research Institute, Rozzano, Italy"},{"name":"e Department of Medical Biotechnologies and Translational Medicine, University of Milan, Milan, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Camilla","family":"Recordati","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"f Mouse and Animal Pathology Laboratory, Fondazione Filarete, Milano, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Monica","family":"Sandri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"g ISTEC-CNR, Institute of Science & Technology for Ceramics, National Research Council of Italy, Faenza, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anna","family":"Tampieri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"g ISTEC-CNR, Institute of Science & Technology for Ceramics, National Research Council of Italy, Faenza, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ileana","family":"Bortolomai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"b Milan Unit, CNR-IRGB, Milan, Italy"},{"name":"h San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Valentina","family":"Capo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"h San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Claudia","family":"Pastorino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"a Laboratory of Immunology and Rheumatic Diseases, Pediatrics II, Genova, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Arinna","family":"Bertoni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"a Laboratory of Immunology and Rheumatic Diseases, Pediatrics II, Genova, Italy"},{"name":"i Centre of Excellence for Biomedical Research, University of Genoa, Genova, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marco","family":"Gattorno","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"a Laboratory of Immunology and Rheumatic Diseases, Pediatrics II, Genova, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alberto","family":"Martini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"a Laboratory of Immunology and Rheumatic Diseases, Pediatrics II, Genova, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anna","family":"Villa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"b Milan Unit, CNR-IRGB, Milan, Italy"},{"name":"c Laboratory of Human Genome, Humanitas Clinical and Research Institute, Rozzano, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elisabetta","family":"Traggiai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"a Laboratory of Immunology and Rheumatic Diseases, Pediatrics II, Genova, Italy"},{"name":"j Novartis Institute for Biomedical Research, Klybeckstrasse, Basel, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cristina","family":"Sobacchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"b Milan Unit, CNR-IRGB, Milan, Italy"},{"name":"c Laboratory of Human Genome, Humanitas Clinical and Research Institute, Rozzano, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,3,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"2022022509294128300_stem2574-bib-0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"522","DOI":"10.1038\/nrendo.2013.137","article-title":"Osteopetrosis: Genetics, treatment and new insights into osteoclast function","volume":"9","author":"Sobacchi","year":"2013","journal-title":"Nat Rev Endocrinol"},{"key":"2022022509294128300_stem2574-bib-0002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"960","DOI":"10.1038\/ng2076","article-title":"Osteoclast-poor human osteopetrosis due to mutations in the gene encoding RANKL","volume":"39","author":"Sobacchi","year":"2007","journal-title":"Nat Genet"},{"key":"2022022509294128300_stem2574-bib-0003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"64","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajhg.2008.06.015","article-title":"Human osteoclast-poor osteopetrosis with hypogammaglobulinemia due to TNFRSF11A (RANK) mutations","volume":"83","author":"Guerrini","year":"2008","journal-title":"Am J Hum Genet"},{"key":"2022022509294128300_stem2574-bib-0004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1231","DOI":"10.1038\/nm.2452","article-title":"Evidence for osteocyte regulation of bone homeostasis through RANKL expression","volume":"17","author":"Nakashima","year":"2011","journal-title":"Nat Med"},{"key":"2022022509294128300_stem2574-bib-0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1235","DOI":"10.1038\/nm.2448","article-title":"Matrix-embedded cells control osteoclast formation","volume":"17","author":"Xiong","year":"2011","journal-title":"Nat Med"},{"key":"2022022509294128300_stem2574-bib-0006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"315","DOI":"10.1038\/16852","article-title":"OPGL is a key regulator of osteoclastogenesis, lymphocyte development and lymph-node organogenesis","volume":"397","author":"Kong","year":"1999","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"2022022509294128300_stem2574-bib-0007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10905","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.200294797","article-title":"Diverse roles of the tumor necrosis factor family member TRANCE in skeletal physiology revealed by TRANCE deficiency and partial rescue by a lymphocyte-expressed TRANCE transgene","volume":"97","author":"Kim","year":"2000","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci USA"},{"key":"2022022509294128300_stem2574-bib-0008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"264","DOI":"10.1080\/03008200390181753","article-title":"The role of RANKL (TRANCE\/TNFSF11), a tumor necrosis factor family member, in skeletal development: Effects of gene knockout and transgenic rescue","volume":"44","author":"Odgren","year":"2003","journal-title":"Connect Tissue Res"},{"key":"2022022509294128300_stem2574-bib-0009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"412768","DOI":"10.1155\/2013\/412768","article-title":"RANKL cytokine: From pioneer of the osteoimmunology era to cure for a rare disease","volume":"2013","author":"Lo Iacono","year":"2013","journal-title":"Clin Dev Immunol"},{"key":"2022022509294128300_stem2574-bib-0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2501","DOI":"10.1002\/jbmr.1712","article-title":"Osteopetrosis rescue upon RANKL administration to Rankl(-\/-) mice: A new therapy for human RANKL-dependent ARO","volume":"27","author":"Lo Iacono","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Bone Miner Res"},{"key":"2022022509294128300_stem2574-bib-0011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1755","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2005-04-1496","article-title":"Mesenchymal stem cells ameliorate experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis inducing T-cell anergy","volume":"106","author":"Zappia","year":"2005","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"2022022509294128300_stem2574-bib-0012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17384","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1103650108","article-title":"Mesenchymal stem cells impair in vivo T-cell priming by dendritic cells","volume":"108","author":"Chiesa","year":"2011","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci USA"},{"key":"2022022509294128300_stem2574-bib-0013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"243","DOI":"10.1080\/14653240600735834","article-title":"Use of CFDA-SE for evaluating the in vitro proliferation pattern of human mesenchymal stem cells","volume":"8","author":"Urbani","year":"2006","journal-title":"Cytotherapy"},{"key":"2022022509294128300_stem2574-bib-0014","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"618","DOI":"10.1002\/jbm.a.10039","article-title":"Biologically inspired synthesis of bone-like composite: Self-assembled collagen fibers\/hydroxyapatite nanocrystals","volume":"67","author":"Tampieri","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Biomed Mater Res a"},{"key":"2022022509294128300_stem2574-bib-0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"274","DOI":"10.1038\/srep00274","article-title":"Order versus disorder: In vivo bone formation within osteoconductive scaffolds","volume":"2","author":"Scaglione","year":"2012","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"2022022509294128300_stem2574-bib-0016","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1155\/2012\/418281","article-title":"Hybrid scaffolds for tissue regeneration: Chemotaxis and Physical confinement as sources of biomimesis","volume":"2012","author":"Sprio","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Nanomater"},{"key":"2022022509294128300_stem2574-bib-0017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1684","DOI":"10.1002\/emmm.201302857","article-title":"Liver gene therapy by lentiviral vectors reverses anti-factor IX pre-existing immunity in haemophilic mice","volume":"5","author":"Annoni","year":"2013","journal-title":"EMBO Mol Med"},{"key":"2022022509294128300_stem2574-bib-0018","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"279","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-62703-989-5_21","article-title":"Bone marrow stromal cell assays: In vitro and in vivo","volume":"1130","author":"Robey","year":"2014","journal-title":"Methods Mol Biol"},{"key":"2022022509294128300_stem2574-bib-0019","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"179","DOI":"10.1038\/nm.3074","article-title":"WNT signaling in bone homeostasis and disease: From human mutations to treatments","volume":"19","author":"Baron","year":"2013","journal-title":"Nat Med"},{"key":"2022022509294128300_stem2574-bib-0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16009","DOI":"10.1038\/boneres.2016.9","article-title":"TGF-\u03b2 and BMP signaling in osteoblast, skeletal development, and bone formation, homeostasis and disease","volume":"4","author":"Wu","year":"2016","journal-title":"Bone Res"},{"key":"2022022509294128300_stem2574-bib-0021","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2747","DOI":"10.1242\/dev.033571","article-title":"Regulation of bone formation and remodeling by G-protein-coupled receptor 48","volume":"136","author":"Luo","year":"2009","journal-title":"Development"},{"key":"2022022509294128300_stem2574-bib-0022","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pbiomolbio.2016.05.012","article-title":"The role of R-spondins and their receptors in bone metabolism","volume":"122","author":"Shi","year":"2016","journal-title":"Prog Biophys Mol Biol"},{"key":"2022022509294128300_stem2574-bib-0023","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"349","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1474-9726.2011.00676.x","article-title":"Knockdown of p21(Cip1\/Waf1) enhances proliferation, the expression of stemness markers, and osteogenic potential in human mesenchymal stem cells","volume":"10","author":"Yew","year":"2011","journal-title":"Aging Cell"},{"key":"2022022509294128300_stem2574-bib-0024","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"975","DOI":"10.1016\/j.stemcr.2014.10.002","article-title":"RB maintains quiescence and prevents premature senescence through upregulation of DNMT1 in mesenchymal stromal cells","volume":"3","author":"Lin","year":"2014","journal-title":"Stem Cell Reports"},{"key":"2022022509294128300_stem2574-bib-0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"647","DOI":"10.1007\/s00109-011-0749-z","article-title":"RANKL\/RANK-beyond bones","volume":"89","author":"Hanada","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Mol Med (Berl)"},{"key":"2022022509294128300_stem2574-bib-0026","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"118","DOI":"10.1016\/j.abb.2014.06.003","article-title":"The immune system, bone and RANKL","volume":"561","author":"Guerrini","year":"2014","journal-title":"Arch Biochem Biophys"},{"key":"2022022509294128300_stem2574-bib-0027","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"511","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2014.00511","article-title":"Biology of the RANKL-RANK-OPG system in immunity, bone, and beyond","volume":"5","author":"Walsh","year":"2014","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"key":"2022022509294128300_stem2574-bib-0028","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4144","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1401977","article-title":"IL-10 critically modulates B cell responsiveness in Rankl-\/- mice","volume":"194","author":"Marrella","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"2022022509294128300_stem2574-bib-0029","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"401","DOI":"10.1038\/nrd3705","article-title":"Bench to bedside: Elucidation of the OPG-RANK-RANKL pathway and the development of denosumab","volume":"11","author":"Lacey","year":"2012","journal-title":"Nat Rev Drug Discov"},{"key":"2022022509294128300_stem2574-bib-0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"314","DOI":"10.1359\/jbmr.071025","article-title":"Murine and chicken chondrocytes regulate osteoclastogenesis by producing RANKL in response to BMP2","volume":"23","author":"Usui","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Bone Miner Res"},{"key":"2022022509294128300_stem2574-bib-0031","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12654","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M806628200","article-title":"Commitment to the osteoblast lineage is not required for RANKL gene expression","volume":"284","author":"Galli","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"2022022509294128300_stem2574-bib-0032","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e108920","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0108920","article-title":"Identification of a subpopulation of marrow MSC-derived medullary adipocytes that express osteoclast-regulating molecules: Marrow adipocytes express osteoclast mediators","volume":"9","author":"Holt","year":"2014","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"2022022509294128300_stem2574-bib-0033","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1648","DOI":"10.1002\/art.39622","article-title":"Mesenchymal stem cell alterations in bone marrow lesions in patients with hip osteoarthritis","volume":"68","author":"Campbell","year":"2016","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheumatol"},{"key":"2022022509294128300_stem2574-bib-0034","article-title":"Decreased osteogenesis in mesenchymal stem cells derived from the aged mouse is associated with enhanced NF-\u03baB activity","author":"Lin","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Orthop Res"},{"key":"2022022509294128300_stem2574-bib-0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5653275","DOI":"10.1155\/2016\/5653275","article-title":"Bone anabolic effects of soluble Si: In vitro studies with human mesenchymal stem cells and CD14+ osteoclast precursors","volume":"2016","author":"Costa-Rodrigues","year":"2016","journal-title":"Stem Cells Int"},{"key":"2022022509294128300_stem2574-bib-0036","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"83","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scr.2008.07.007","article-title":"Enumeration of the colony-forming units-fibroblast from mouse and human bone marrow in normal and pathological conditions","volume":"2","author":"Kuznetsov","year":"2009","journal-title":"Stem Cell Res"},{"key":"2022022509294128300_stem2574-bib-0037","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1466","DOI":"10.1089\/scd.2011.0555","article-title":"Hurler disease bone marrow stromal cells exhibit altered ability to support osteoclast formation","volume":"21","author":"Gatto","year":"2012","journal-title":"Stem Cells Dev"},{"key":"2022022509294128300_stem2574-bib-0038","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1465","DOI":"10.1002\/stem.1107","article-title":"Impaired osteoblastogenesis in a murine model of dominant Osteogenesis Imperfecta: A new target for Osteogenesis Imperfecta pharmacological therapy","volume":"30","author":"Gioia","year":"2012","journal-title":"Stem Cells"},{"key":"2022022509294128300_stem2574-bib-0039","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"793","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2014-06-566810","article-title":"Bone marrow skeletal stem\/progenitor cell defects in dyskeratosis congenita and telomere biology disorders","volume":"125","author":"Balakumaran","year":"2015","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"2022022509294128300_stem2574-bib-0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"804","DOI":"10.1111\/bjh.13364","article-title":"Characterization of bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cells in aplastic anaemia","volume":"169","author":"Hamzic","year":"2015","journal-title":"Br J Haematol"},{"key":"2022022509294128300_stem2574-bib-0041","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"313","DOI":"10.1016\/j.stem.2008.03.002","article-title":"Mesenchymal stem cells: Revisiting history, concepts, and assays","volume":"2","author":"Bianco","year":"2008","journal-title":"Cell Stem Cell"},{"key":"2022022509294128300_stem2574-bib-0042","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"169","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molcel.2012.06.020","article-title":"Oct4 and Nanog directly regulate Dnmt1 to maintain self-renewal and undifferentiated state in mesenchymal stem cells","volume":"47","author":"Tsai","year":"2012","journal-title":"Mol Cell"},{"key":"2022022509294128300_stem2574-bib-0043","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"115","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rvsc.2015.03.010","article-title":"Comparative studies on proliferation, molecular markers and differentiation potential of mesenchymal stem cells from various tissues (adipose, bone marrow, ear skin, abdominal skin, and lung) and maintenance of multipotency during serial passages in miniature pig","volume":"100","author":"Lee","year":"2015","journal-title":"Res Vet Sci"},{"key":"2022022509294128300_stem2574-bib-0044","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"369828","DOI":"10.1155\/2015\/369828","article-title":"High OCT4 and low p16(INK4A) expressions determine in vitro lifespan of mesenchymal stem cells","volume":"2015","author":"Piccinato","year":"2015","journal-title":"Stem Cells Int"},{"key":"2022022509294128300_stem2574-bib-0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"320","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcyt.2015.11.013","article-title":"Mesenchymal stromal cells from the foreskin: Tissue isolation, cell characterization and immunobiological properties","volume":"18","author":"Najar","year":"2016","journal-title":"Cytotherapy"},{"key":"2022022509294128300_stem2574-bib-0046","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2879","DOI":"10.1158\/0008-5472.CAN-12-0044","article-title":"RANK induces epithelial-mesenchymal transition and stemness in human mammary epithelial cells and promotes tumorigenesis and metastasis","volume":"72","author":"Palafox","year":"2012","journal-title":"Cancer Res"},{"key":"2022022509294128300_stem2574-bib-0047","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"311","DOI":"10.1530\/ERC-13-0548","article-title":"RANK- and c-Met-mediated signal network promotes prostate cancer metastatic colonization","volume":"21","author":"Chu","year":"2014","journal-title":"Endocr Relat Cancer"},{"key":"2022022509294128300_stem2574-bib-0048","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"47217","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M304636200","article-title":"Multimerization of the receptor activator of nuclear factor-kappaB ligand (RANKL) isoforms and regulation of osteoclastogenesis","volume":"278","author":"Ikeda","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"2022022509294128300_stem2574-bib-0049","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1021","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbrc.2003.12.191","article-title":"Regulation of osteoclastogenesis by three human RANKL isoforms expressed in NIH3T3 cells","volume":"314","author":"Suzuki","year":"2004","journal-title":"Biochem Biophys Res Commun"},{"key":"2022022509294128300_stem2574-bib-0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"251","DOI":"10.1002\/jcb.20777","article-title":"Playing with bone and fat","volume":"98","author":"Gimble","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Cell Biochem"},{"key":"2022022509294128300_stem2574-bib-0051","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1128","DOI":"10.1038\/cdd.2015.168","article-title":"Fate decision of mesenchymal stem cells: Adipocytes or osteoblasts?","volume":"23","author":"Chen","year":"2016","journal-title":"Cell Death Differ"},{"key":"2022022509294128300_stem2574-bib-0052","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"120","DOI":"10.1359\/jbmr.2000.15.1.120","article-title":"Mutations of the GNAS1 gene, stromal cell dysfunction, and osteomalacic changes in non-McCune-Albright fibrous dysplasia of bone","volume":"15","author":"Bianco","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Bone Miner Res"},{"key":"2022022509294128300_stem2574-bib-0053","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"392","DOI":"10.1080\/14653240802582083","article-title":"Adipocyte differentiation defect in mesenchymal stromal cells of patients with malignant infantile osteopetrosis","volume":"11","author":"Uckan","year":"2009","journal-title":"Cytotherapy"},{"key":"2022022509294128300_stem2574-bib-0054","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"361","DOI":"10.1007\/s00223-008-9133-6","article-title":"Soluble RANKL induces high bone turnover and decreases bone volume, density, and strength in mice","volume":"82","author":"Lloyd","year":"2008","journal-title":"Calcif Tissue Int"},{"key":"2022022509294128300_stem2574-bib-0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1194","DOI":"10.1359\/jbmr.090217","article-title":"Evaluation of pharmaceuticals with a novel 50-hour animal model of bone loss","volume":"24","author":"Tomimori","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Bone Miner Res"},{"key":"2022022509294128300_stem2574-bib-0056","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"260","DOI":"10.1136\/annrheumdis-2013-204235","article-title":"FGF2 induces RANKL gene expression as well as IL1\u03b2 regulated MHC class II in human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal progenitor stromal cells","volume":"74","author":"Bocelli-Tyndall","year":"2015","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"key":"2022022509294128300_stem2574-bib-0057","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1113","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.109.898312","article-title":"Functional mesenchymal stem cells derived from human induced pluripotent stem cells attenuate limb ischemia in mice","volume":"121","author":"Lian","year":"2010","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"2022022509294128300_stem2574-bib-0058","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"206","DOI":"10.1002\/stem.566","article-title":"Osteoblasts derived from induced pluripotent stem cells form calcified structures in scaffolds both in vitro and in vivo","volume":"29","author":"Bilousova","year":"2011","journal-title":"Stem Cells"},{"key":"2022022509294128300_stem2574-bib-0059","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1174","DOI":"10.1002\/stem.1084","article-title":"Derivation of mesenchymal stem cells from human induced pluripotent stem cells cultured on synthetic substrates","volume":"30","author":"Villa-Diaz","year":"2012","journal-title":"Stem Cells"},{"key":"2022022509294128300_stem2574-bib-0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1508","DOI":"10.1002\/jbmr.2472","article-title":"A bone anabolic effect of RANKL in a murine model of osteoporosis mediated through FoxP3+ CD8 T cells","volume":"30","author":"Buchwald","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Bone Miner Res"},{"key":"2022022509294128300_stem2574-bib-0061","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e88839","DOI":"10.1172\/jci.insight.88839","article-title":"Pulsed low-dose RANKL as a potential therapeutic for postmenopausal osteoporosis","volume":"1","author":"Cline-Smith","year":"2016","journal-title":"JCI Insight"}],"container-title":["Stem Cells"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1002%2Fstem.2574","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/stem.2574","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1002\/stem.2574","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/stmcls\/article-pdf\/35\/5\/1365\/42604603\/stmcls_35_5_1365.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/stmcls\/article-pdf\/35\/5\/1365\/42604603\/stmcls_35_5_1365.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,25]],"date-time":"2022-02-25T09:32:27Z","timestamp":1645781547000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/stmcls\/article\/35\/5\/1365\/6423342"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2017,3,1]]},"references-count":61,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,3,1]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,5,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/stem.2574","relation":{},"ISSN":["1066-5099","1549-4918"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1066-5099","type":"print"},{"value":"1549-4918","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2017,5,1]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2017,3,1]]}}}