{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,22]],"date-time":"2026-10-22T03:40:50Z","timestamp":1792640450094,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":233,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,2]],"date-time":"2021-12-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1638403200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":393,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,4]],"date-time":"2020-11-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1604448000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,4]],"date-time":"2020-11-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1604448000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Unique to vertebrates, the neural crest (NC) is an embryonic stem cell population that contributes to a greatly expanding list of derivatives ranging from neurons and glia of the peripheral nervous system, facial cartilage and bone, pigment cells of the skin to secretory cells of the endocrine system. Here, we focus on what is specifically known about establishment and maintenance of NC stemness and ultimate fate commitment mechanisms, which could help explain its exceptionally high stem cell potential that exceeds the \u201crules set during gastrulation.\u201d In fact, recent discoveries have shed light on the existence of NC cells that coexpress commonly accepted pluripotency factors like Nanog, Oct4\/PouV, and Klf4. The coexpression of pluripotency factors together with the exceptional array of diverse NC derivatives encouraged us to propose a new term \u201cpleistopotent\u201d (Greek for abundant, a substantial amount) to be used to reflect the uniqueness of the NC as compared to other post-gastrulation stem cell populations in the vertebrate body, and to differentiate them from multipotent lineage restricted stem cells. We also discuss studies related to the maintenance of NC stemness within the challenging context of being a transient and thus a constantly changing population of stem cells without a permanent niche. The discovery of the stem cell potential of Schwann cell precursors as well as multiple adult NC-derived stem cell reservoirs during the past decade has greatly increased our understanding of how NC cells contribute to tissues formed after its initial migration stage in young embryos.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/stem.3283","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,26]],"date-time":"2021-11-26T00:55:43Z","timestamp":1637888143000},"page":"7-25","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":41,"title":["On the road again: Establishment and maintenance of stemness in the neural crest from embryo to adulthood"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"39","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4827-9242","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Surangi N.","family":"Perera","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Neural Crest Development and Disease Unit, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6710-3512","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Laura","family":"Kerosuo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neural Crest Development and Disease Unit, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"2022022510531071800_stem3283-bib-0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1525-142x.2000.00032.x","article-title":"The neural crest as a fourth germ layer and vertebrates as quadroblastic not triploblastic","volume":"2","author":"Hall","year":"2000","journal-title":"Evol Dev"},{"key":"2022022510531071800_stem3283-bib-0002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1332","DOI":"10.1126\/science.aaa3655","article-title":"NEURODEVELOPMENT. Shared regulatory programs suggest retention of blastula-stage potential in neural crest cells","volume":"348","author":"Buitrago-Delgado","year":"2015","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"2022022510531071800_stem3283-bib-0003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-017-01561-w","article-title":"Identification of a neural crest stem cell niche by Spatial Genomic Analysis","volume":"8","author":"Lignell","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nat Commun"},{"key":"2022022510531071800_stem3283-bib-0004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"198","DOI":"10.1016\/0012-1606(87)90118-7","article-title":"Mapping of the early neural primordium in quail-chick chimeras. II. 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