{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,12]],"date-time":"2026-04-12T18:05:44Z","timestamp":1776017144460,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":72,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,2]],"date-time":"2021-12-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1638403200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":356,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,11]],"date-time":"2020-12-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1607644800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,11]],"date-time":"2020-12-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1607644800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001659","name":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001659","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001659","name":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001659","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>Although the bone marrow contains most hematopoietic activity during adulthood, hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells can be recovered from various extramedullary sites. Cells with hematopoietic progenitor properties have even been reported in the adult brain under steady-state conditions, but their nature and localization remain insufficiently defined. Here, we describe a heterogeneous population of myeloid progenitors in the leptomeninges of adult C57BL\/6 mice. This cell pool included common myeloid, granulocyte\/macrophage, and megakaryocyte\/erythrocyte progenitors. Accordingly, it gave rise to all major myelo-erythroid lineages in clonogenic culture assays. Brain-associated progenitors persisted after tissue perfusion and were partially inaccessible to intravenous antibodies, suggesting their localization behind continuous blood vessel endothelium such as the blood-arachnoid barrier. Flt3Cre lineage tracing and bone marrow transplantation showed that the precursors were derived from adult hematopoietic stem cells and were most likely continuously replaced via cell trafficking. Importantly, their occurrence was tied to the immunologic state of the central nervous system (CNS) and was diminished in the context of neuroinflammation and ischemic stroke. Our findings confirm the presence of myeloid progenitors at the meningeal border of the brain and lay the foundation to unravel their possible functions in CNS surveillance and local immune cell production.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/stem.3311","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,26]],"date-time":"2021-11-26T06:52:08Z","timestamp":1637909528000},"page":"227-239","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Bone marrow-derived myeloid progenitors in the leptomeninges of adult mice"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"39","author":[{"given":"Tobias","family":"Koeniger","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Julius Maximilian University of W\u00fcrzburg, W\u00fcrzburg, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Luisa","family":"Bell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Julius Maximilian University of W\u00fcrzburg, W\u00fcrzburg, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Anika","family":"Mifka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-N\u00fcrnberg, Erlangen, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Enders","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-N\u00fcrnberg, Erlangen, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Valentin","family":"Hautmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Julius Maximilian University of W\u00fcrzburg, W\u00fcrzburg, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Subba Rao","family":"Mekala","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Julius Maximilian University of W\u00fcrzburg, W\u00fcrzburg, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3398-3229","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Philipp","family":"Kirchner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Human Genetics, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-N\u00fcrnberg, Erlangen, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Arif B.","family":"Ekici","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Human Genetics, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-N\u00fcrnberg, Erlangen, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Christian","family":"Schulz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik I, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich, Munich, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Philipp","family":"W\u00f6rsd\u00f6rfer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Julius Maximilian University of W\u00fcrzburg, W\u00fcrzburg, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Stine","family":"Mencl","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University Hospital Essen, Department of Neurology, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Christoph","family":"Kleinschnitz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University Hospital Essen, Department of Neurology, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"S\u00fcleyman","family":"Erg\u00fcn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Julius Maximilian University of W\u00fcrzburg, W\u00fcrzburg, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6119-605X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Stefanie","family":"Kuerten","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Julius Maximilian University of W\u00fcrzburg, W\u00fcrzburg, Germany"},{"name":"Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-N\u00fcrnberg, Erlangen, Germany"},{"name":"Anatomisches Institut, Neuroanatomie, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universit\u00e4t Bonn, Bonn, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"2022022510530635800_stem3311-bib-0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"631","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2008.01.025","article-title":"Hematopoiesis: an evolving paradigm for stem cell 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