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Cells engrafted long-term into the host cytoarchitecture, producing functional GALC. Levels of enzyme activity in brain and spinal cord tissues were enhanced when GALC-overexpressing NSC were used. Enzymatic correction correlated with reduced tissue storage, decreased activation of astroglia and microglia, delayed onset of symptoms, and longer lifespan. Mechanisms underlying the therapeutic effect of mNSC included widespread enzyme distribution, cross-correction of host cells, anti-inflammatory activity, and neuroprotection. Similar cell engraftment and metabolic correction were reproduced using human NSC. Thus, NSC gene therapy rapidly reconstitutes sustained and long-lasting enzyme activity in central nervous system tissues. Combining this approach with treatments targeting the systemic disease associated with leukodystrophies may provide significant therapeutic benefit.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/stem.701","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,8,1]],"date-time":"2011-08-01T14:09:49Z","timestamp":1312207789000},"page":"1559-1571","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":61,"title":["Neural Stem Cell Gene Therapy Ameliorates Pathology and Function in a Mouse Model of Globoid Cell Leukodystrophy"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"29","author":[{"given":"Margherita","family":"Neri","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Regenerative Medicine, Stem Cells and Gene Therapy, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (HSR-TIGET), Milano, Italy"},{"name":"Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milano, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alessandra","family":"Ricca","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division 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