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In the present study, we have examined the effect of low concentrations of NEM on synaptic transmission in intact nerve\u2010muscle preparations from toads (<jats:italic>Bufo marinus<\/jats:italic>). Under conditions of low transmitter release probability (0.3 mM calcium, 1 mM magnesium), treatment with NEM (10 \u03bcM) caused a significant increase in the amplitude of stimulus\u2010evoked endplate potentials (EPPs) and a significant increase in the frequency of spontaneously occurring miniature EPPS (MEPPS) without affecting the amplitude of MEPPs. When the calcium concentration in the bath was raised to 4 mM, 10 \u03bcM NEM had no effect on EPP amplitude. Under these conditions, NEM treatment reduced paired pulse facilitation and increased depression during stimulus trains. Treatment with NEM also resulted in a significant decrease in the synaptic delay. The effects of NEM on transmitter release in the present study were not due to inactivation of G\u2010proteins. The results of the present study show a calcium\u2010dependent facilitation of stimulus\u2010evoked transmitter release by NEM. These results are discussed in terms of the possible sites of NEM action leading to the observed changes in transmitter release. Synapse 53:151\u2013158, 2004. \u00a9 2004 Wiley\u2010Liss, Inc.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/syn.20044","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2004,5,28]],"date-time":"2004-05-28T16:00:49Z","timestamp":1085760049000},"page":"151-158","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["The effect of N\u2010ethylmaleimide on transmitter release from the skeletal neuromuscular junction of <i>Bufo marinus<\/i>"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"53","author":[{"given":"D.","family":"Knight","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"M.C.","family":"Bellingham","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"N.A.","family":"Lavidis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2004,6,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/339397a0"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0896-6273(00)80762-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.1991.sp018435"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1085\/jgp.74.4.429"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.85.21.7852"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0959-440X(00)00186-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-8993(85)90696-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0014-2999(78)90127-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0014-2999(70)90049-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/35052017"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.1967.sp008367"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1124\/jpet.102.046102"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.275.9.6328"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.1972.sp009916"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1083\/jcb.112.5.823"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2829","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(19)81038-4","article-title":"Uncoupling 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