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To investigate the involvement of electrical synaptic transmission in this phenomenon, genetic inactivation of the neuronal gap junction (GJ) protein connexin 36 and pharmacological blockade of GJs were utilized. Stereotyped motor behavior was quantified after selective activation of D<jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub> receptors, D<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> receptors, or both receptors. These patterns of activation were produced by injection of the agonist apomorphine (3.0 mg\/kg) 30 min after either the D<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> antagonist eticlopride (0.3 mg\/kg), the D<jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub> antagonist SCH 23390 (0.1 mg\/kg) or vehicle, respectively. Mixed background C57\/BL6\u2013129SvEv mice homozygous or heterozygous for the connexin 36 \u201cknockout\u201d allele displayed potent synergistic interaction between D<jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub> and D<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> receptor activation, and did not differ significantly from wild\u2010type mice on any measure. All genotypes demonstrated long\u2010lasting stereotypic sniffing, chewing, and\/or licking after simultaneous activation of D<jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub> and D<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> receptors, effects that were absent following selective D<jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub> or D<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> activation. Swiss\u2010Webster mice treated with the GJ blockers carbenoxolone (35 mg\/kg), octanol (350 mg\/kg) or mefloquine (50 mg\/kg) also demonstrated the normal synergistic interaction between D<jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub> and D<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> receptors, although these drugs did block the grooming stimulated by selective D<jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub> receptor activation, independently of D<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> receptors. While D<jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub> receptor\u2010stimulated grooming depends on GJs composed of connexins or possibly pannexins, the synergistic interaction of D<jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub> and D<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> receptors in control of stereotypy does not involve GJs. 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