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In this study, we investigated whether mild noxious heat stimuli could affect the neuronal activity in the CG of rats with sciatic nerve ligation. We produced a partial sciatic nerve injury by tying a tight ligature in rats. Seven days after sciatic nerve ligation, rats received mild noxious heat stimuli. Mild noxious heat stimuli produced flinching behaviors in sciatic nerve\u2010ligated rats, but not sham\u2010operated rats. In addition, the mild noxious heat stimuli caused a significant increase in the release of glutamate in the CG of nerve\u2010ligated rats compared with that of sham\u2010operated rats. Furthermore, phosphorylated\u2010NR1\u2010positive cells in this area significantly increased after mild noxious heat stimuli under a neuropathic pain. Under this condition, there were no significant changes in the levels of immediate\u2010early genes such as c\u2010fos, c\u2010jun, JunB, and Fra1 in the CG between nerve\u2010ligated and sham\u2010operated rats. However, mild noxious heat stimuli under a neuropathic pain\u2010like state produced a marked increase in the phosphorylated\u2010c\u2010jun (p\u2010c\u2010jun) immunoreactivity, which is commonly used to map neurons in the brain that can be activated after<jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic>\u2010methyl\u2010<jats:sc>D<\/jats:sc>\u2010aspartate receptor activation. These findings raise the possibility that mild noxious heat stimuli under a peripheral nerve injury may increase the release of glutamate and promote its related postneuronal activity in the CG. Synapse, 2010. \u00a9 2010 Wiley\u2010Liss, Inc.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/syn.20859","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2010,9,1]],"date-time":"2010-09-01T17:34:41Z","timestamp":1283362481000},"page":"424-432","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Enhancement of glutamatergic transmission in the cingulate cortex in response to mild noxious stimuli under a neuropathic pain\u2010like state"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"65","author":[{"given":"Keiichi","family":"Niikura","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Masaharu","family":"Furuya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michiko","family":"Narita","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kazuhiro","family":"Torigoe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yasuhisa","family":"Kobayashi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yoshinori","family":"Takemura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mitsuaki","family":"Yamazaki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hiroshi","family":"Horiuchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tatsuya","family":"Enomoto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Masako","family":"Iseki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hiroyuki","family":"Kinoshita","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shiro","family":"Tomiyasu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Satoshi","family":"Imai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Naoko","family":"Kuzumaki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tsutomu","family":"Suzuki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Minoru","family":"Narita","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2010,11,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_5_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.ne.16.030193.000313"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-7793.1998.881bs.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0896-6273(91)90270-A"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/356521a0"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_6_1","first-page":"85","volume-title":"Central nervous system mechanisms of pain in peripheral neuropathy","author":"Dickenson A","year":"2001"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1016\/S0031-6997(24)01394-2","article-title":"The glutamate receptor ion channels","volume":"51","author":"Dingledine R","year":"1999","journal-title":"Pharmacol Rev"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0959-4388(92)90121-Z"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s001140050593"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/328632a0"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00001756-199210000-00005"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0896-6273(93)90239-N"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0304-3959(98)00045-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_14_1","volume-title":"Neuropeptides in the Spinal Cord. 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