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The objective of this study was to evaluate pentylenetetrazol (PTZ) and ethanol effects on Bax, Bcl\u20102 expression, which further induced activation of caspase\u20103, release of cytochrome\u2010c from mitochondria, and to observe the protective effects of vitamin C (vit\u2010C) against PTZ and ethanol\u2010induced apoptotic neurodegeneration in primary\u2010cultured neuronal cells at gestational day 17.5. Apoptotic neurodegeneration and neuroprotective effect of vit\u2010C were measured by using 3\u2010[4,5\u2010dimethylthiazol\u20102\u2010yl]\u20102,5\u2010diphenly tetrazolium bromide assay, Western blot analysis, which further conformed by the measurement of mitochondrial membrane potential using JC\u20101 detection kit and immunofluorescence analysis. The results showed that PTZ and ethanol produced extensive Bax\u2010dependent caspase\u20109 and caspase\u20103 activation and caused neuronal apoptosis. Furthermore, the cotreatment of vit\u2010C along with ethanol and PTZ showed significantly decreased expression of Bax, caspase\u20109, caspase\u20103, cytochrome\u2010c, and significantly increased expression of antiapoptotic Bcl\u20102 protein when compared with control group. Our findings indicate that PTZ and ethanol activate an intrinsic apoptotic death program in neurons that is likely to contribute to the neuropathologic effects in fetal alcohol exposure, and vit\u2010C can prevent some of the deleterious effects of PTZ and ethanol on the developing brain. The available experimental evidence and the safety of vit\u2010C in pregnancy suggest the experimental use of ascorbic acid as a new and effective protective agent ethanol and PTZ\u2010induced apoptotic neurodegeneration. Synapse, 2011. \u00a9 2010 Wiley\u2010Liss, Inc.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/syn.20875","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2010,10,20]],"date-time":"2010-10-20T14:07:22Z","timestamp":1287583642000},"page":"562-571","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":39,"title":["Vitamin C protects against ethanol and PTZ\u2010induced apoptotic neurodegeneration in prenatal rat hippocampal 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