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However, very little is known about the synaptic and related structural modifications induced by PA in young rats. In the present work, we studied neuronal cytoskeleton modifications in striatum induced by subsevere PA in 30\u2010day\u2010old rats. We observed a significant decrease in the number of neurons, in particular calbindin immunoreactive neurons after PA. In addition, it was also observed that actin cytoskeleton was highly modified in the PSD as well as an increment of F\u2010actin staining by Phalloidin\u2010alexa<jats:sup>488<\/jats:sup> in the striatum of PA rats. Using correlative fluorescence\u2010electron microscopy photooxidation, we confirmed and extended confocal observations. F\u2010actin staining augmentation was mostly related with an increment in the number of mushroom\u2010shaped spines. Consistent with microscopic data, Western blot analysis revealed a \u03b2\u2010actin increment in PSD in PA rats. On the other hand, MAP\u20102 immunostaining was decreased after PA, being NF\u2010200 expression unmodified. Although neuronal death was observed, signs of generalized neurodegeneration were absent. Taken together these results showed early post\u2010synaptic F\u2010actin cytoskeleton changes induced by PA with slightly modifications in the other components of the neuronal cytoskeleton, suggesting that F\u2010actin accumulation in the dendritic spines could be involved in the neuronal loss induced by PA. Synapse, 2012. \u00a9 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/syn.20978","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,8,20]],"date-time":"2011-08-20T11:50:08Z","timestamp":1313841008000},"page":"9-19","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Effects of perinatal asphyxia on rat striatal 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