{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,21]],"date-time":"2026-09-21T06:28:39Z","timestamp":1789972119618,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,4,22]],"date-time":"2014-04-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1398124800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000738","name":"U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["MERIT"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MERIT"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000738","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Synapse"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title><jats:p>6\u2010[<jats:sup>18<\/jats:sup>F]\u2010Fluoro\u2010<jats:sc>l<\/jats:sc>\u2010dopa (FDOPA) has been widely used as a biomarker for catecholamine synthesis, storage, and metabolism\u2014its intense uptake in the striatum, and fainter uptake in other brain regions, is correlated with the symptoms and pathophysiology of Parkinson's disease (PD). 6\u2010[<jats:sup>18<\/jats:sup>F]fluoro\u2010<jats:italic>m<\/jats:italic>\u2010tyrosine (FMT), which also targets <jats:sc>l<\/jats:sc>\u2010amino acid decarboxylase, has potential advantages over FDOPA as a radiotracer because it does not form catechol\u2010<jats:italic>O<\/jats:italic>\u2010methyltransferase (COMT) metabolites. The purpose of the present study was to compare the regional distribution of these radiotracers in the brains of PD patients. Fifteen Parkinson's patients were studied with FMT and FDOPA positron emission tomography (PET) as well as high\u2010resolution structural magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). MRI's were automatically parcellated into neuroanatomical regions of interest (ROIs) in Freesurfer (<jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" xlink:href=\"http:\/\/surfer.nmr.mgh.harvard.edu\">http:\/\/surfer.nmr.mgh.harvard.edu<\/jats:ext-link>); region\u2010specific uptake rate constants (K<jats:sub>occ<\/jats:sub>) were generated from coregistered PET using a Patlak graphical approach. The essential findings were as follows: (1) regional K<jats:sub>occ<\/jats:sub> were highly correlated between the radiotracers and in agreement with a previous FDOPA studies that used different ROI selection techniques; (2) FMT K<jats:sub>occ<\/jats:sub> were higher in extrastriatal regions of relatively large uptake such as amygdala, pallidum, brainstem, hippocampus, entorhinal cortex, and thalamus, whereas cortical K<jats:sub>occ<\/jats:sub> were similar between radiotracers; (3) while subcortical uptake of both radiotracers was related to disease duration and severity, cortical uptake was not. These results suggest that FMT may have advantages for examining pathologic changes within allocortical loop structures, which may contribute to cognitive and emotional symptoms of PD. <jats:bold>Synapse 68:325\u2013331, 2014<\/jats:bold>. \u00a9 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/syn.21745","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,4,8]],"date-time":"2014-04-08T09:42:58Z","timestamp":1396950178000},"page":"325-331","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["A dual\u2010tracer study of extrastriatal 6\u2010[<sup>18<\/sup>F]fluoro\u2010<i>m<\/i>\u2010tyrosine and 6\u2010[<sup>18<\/sup>F]\u2010fluoro\u2010<scp>l<\/scp>\u2010dopa Uptake in Parkinson's disease"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"68","author":[{"given":"Clarence T.","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"William S. Middleton Veterans Hospital and Geriatric Research Education and Clinical Center Madison Wisconsin"},{"name":"Department of Neurology University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health Madison Wisconsin"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Matthew","family":"Palotti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"William S. Middleton Veterans Hospital and Geriatric Research Education and Clinical Center Madison Wisconsin"},{"name":"Department of Neurology University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health Madison Wisconsin"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"James E.","family":"Holden","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Physics University of Wisconsin Madison Wisconsin"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jen","family":"Oh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Alzheimer's Disease Research Center University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health Madison Wisconsin"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ozioma","family":"Okonkwo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Alzheimer's Disease Research Center University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health Madison Wisconsin"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bradley T.","family":"Christian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Physics University of Wisconsin Madison Wisconsin"},{"name":"Waisman Laboratory for Brain Imaging and Behavior Madison Wisconsin"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Barbara B.","family":"Bendlin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Alzheimer's Disease Research Center University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health Madison Wisconsin"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Laura","family":"Buyan\u2010Dent","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health Madison Wisconsin"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sandra J.","family":"Harding","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"William S. 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Middleton Veterans Hospital and Geriatric Research Education and Clinical Center Madison Wisconsin"},{"name":"Department of Neurology University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health Madison Wisconsin"},{"name":"Alzheimer's Disease Research Center University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health Madison Wisconsin"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,4,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2165\/00023210-200721070-00002"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","first-page":"15","article-title":"Nigral and extranigral pathology in Parkinson's disease","volume":"46","author":"Braak H","year":"1995","journal-title":"J Neural Transm Suppl"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2005.12.017"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1098-2396(199911)34:2<111::AID-SYN4>3.0.CO;2-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.53.6.1212"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neurobiolaging.2004.07.014"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ddr.10223"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2006.01.021"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0028-3908(97)00017-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0024-3205(97)00300-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_1","first-page":"153","volume-title":"Recent developments in parkinsons disease","author":"Fahn S","year":"1987"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0896-6273(02)00569-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.23778"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.51.6.745"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00702-003-0816-x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/124.6.1125"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2165\/00023210-200519020-00006"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2007.09.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0006-8993(03)02721-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/nimg.2000.0584"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0969-8043(93)90165-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0020-708X(84)90194-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.1139"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0165-0173(87)90011-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/jcbfm.1985.87"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2011.03.012"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/122.9.1637"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archneur.57.4.470"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1098-2396(199712)27:4<336::AID-SYN7>3.0.CO;2-D"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-8993(83)90993-9"}],"container-title":["Synapse"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1002%2Fsyn.21745","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/syn.21745","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,5]],"date-time":"2023-10-05T17:30:03Z","timestamp":1696527003000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/syn.21745"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2014,4,22]]},"references-count":30,"journal-issue":{"issue":"8","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,8]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/syn.21745"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/syn.21745","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0887-4476","1098-2396"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0887-4476","type":"print"},{"value":"1098-2396","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2014,4,22]]}}}