{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,25]],"date-time":"2026-08-25T23:49:48Z","timestamp":1787701788135,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":68,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,4,5]],"date-time":"2017-04-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1491350400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000025","name":"National Institute of Mental Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["1R01MH086000\u201001A2"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1R01MH086000\u201001A2"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000025","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100005277","name":"PHS","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R24 MH068855"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R24 MH068855"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100005277","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Synapse"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Schizophrenia and bipolar disorder are complex psychiatric disorders that affect millions of people worldwide. Evidence from gene association and postmortem studies has identified abnormalities of the gamma\u2010aminobutyric acid (GABA) signaling system in both disorders. Abnormal GABAergic signaling and transmission could contribute to the symptomatology of these disorders, potentially through impaired gamma oscillations which normally occur during cognitive processing. In the current study, we examined the protein expression of 14 GABA\n                    <jats:sub>A<\/jats:sub>\n                    and two GABA\n                    <jats:sub>B<\/jats:sub>\n                    receptor subunits in the superior frontal cortex of subjects with schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, and healthy controls. Analyses of Variance (ANOVAs) identified significant group effects for protein levels for the \u03b11, \u03b16, \u03b21, \u03b23, \u03b4, \u025b, and \u03c0 GABA\n                    <jats:sub>A<\/jats:sub>\n                    receptor subunits and R1 and R2 GABA\n                    <jats:sub>B<\/jats:sub>\n                    receptor subunits. Follow\u2010up\n                    <jats:italic>t<\/jats:italic>\n                    tests confirmed changes for these subunits in subjects with schizophrenia, subjects with bipolar disorder, or both groups. Alterations in stoichiometry of GABA receptor subunits could result in altered ligand binding, transmission, and pharmacology of GABA receptors in superior frontal cortex. Thus, impaired GABAergic transmission may negatively contribute to symptoms such as anxiety or panic as well as impaired learning and information processing, all of which are disrupted in schizophrenia and bipolar disorder. Taken together, these results provide additional evidence of GABAergic receptor abnormalities in these disorders.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/syn.21973","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,3,19]],"date-time":"2017-03-19T01:59:01Z","timestamp":1489888741000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":43,"title":["GABA\n                    <sub>A<\/sub>\n                    and GABA\n                    <sub>B<\/sub>\n                    receptor dysregulation in superior frontal cortex of subjects with schizophrenia and bipolar disorder"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"71","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6859-2626","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"S. Hossein","family":"Fatemi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry Division of Neuroscience Research, University of Minnesota Medical School 420 Delaware St. SE, MMC 392 Minneapolis Minnesota 55455"},{"name":"Department of Neuroscience University of Minnesota Medical School 321 Church St. SE Minneapolis Minnesota 55455"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Timothy D.","family":"Folsom","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry Division of Neuroscience Research, University of Minnesota Medical School 420 Delaware St. SE, MMC 392 Minneapolis Minnesota 55455"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paul D.","family":"Thuras","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry VA Medical Center 1 Veterans Drive Minneapolis Minnesota 55417\u20102399"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,4,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cercor\/5.6.550"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.1995.03950160008002"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1424958112"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.00227.2009"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1098-2396(199604)22:4<338::AID-SYN5>3.0.CO;2-C"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0006-3223(98)00138-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.1991.01810350036005"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.12-03-00924.1992"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0306-4522(96)00328-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0006-8993(97)00113-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cercor\/bhq169"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.schres.2009.02.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00213-003-1589-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00213-007-0845-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_16_1","first-page":"233","volume-title":"GABA in the nervous system: The view at fifty years","author":"Bowery N. 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