{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,30]],"date-time":"2025-07-30T10:16:30Z","timestamp":1753870590226,"version":"3.41.2"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,7,13]],"date-time":"2018-07-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1531440000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000026","name":"National Institute on Drug Abuse","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01DA026472","R01MH086523"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01DA026472","R01MH086523"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000026","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000025","name":"National Institute of Mental Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000025","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Synapse"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Studies in nonhuman primates and humans have demonstrated that amphetamine\u2010induced dopamine release in the cortex can be measured with [<jats:sup>11<\/jats:sup>C]FLB 457 and PET imaging. This technique has been successfully used in recent clinical studies to show decreased dopamine transmission in the prefrontal cortex in schizophrenia and alcohol dependence. Here, we present data from a cohort of twelve healthy controls in whom an oral amphetamine challenge (0.5 mg\u00a0kg<jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>) did not lead to a significant reduction in [<jats:sup>11<\/jats:sup>C]FLB 457 BP<jats:sub>ND<\/jats:sub> (i.e., binding potential relative to non\u2010displaceable uptake). Two factors that likely contributed to the inability to displace [<jats:sup>11<\/jats:sup>C]FLB 457 BP<jats:sub>ND<\/jats:sub> in this cohort relative to successful cohorts are: (a) the acquisition of the baseline and post\u2010amphetamine scans on different days as opposed to the same day and (b) the initiation of the post\u2010amphetamine [<jats:sup>11<\/jats:sup>C]FLB 457 scan at \u223c5 hours as opposed to \u223c3 hours following oral amphetamine. Furthermore, we show [<jats:sup>11<\/jats:sup>C]FLB 457 reproducibility data from a legacy dataset to support greater variability in cortical BP<jats:sub>ND<\/jats:sub> when the test and retest scans are acquired on different days as compared to the same day. These results highlight the methodological challenges that continue to plague the field with respect to imaging dopamine release in the cortex.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/syn.22037","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,6,7]],"date-time":"2018-06-07T04:16:23Z","timestamp":1528344983000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Failure to detect amphetamine\u2010induced dopamine release in the cortex with [<sup>11<\/sup>C]FLB 457 positron emission tomography (PET): Methodological considerations"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"72","author":[{"given":"Joshua","family":"Gertler","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh Pennsylvania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Savannah","family":"Tollefson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh Pennsylvania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rehima","family":"Jordan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh Pennsylvania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Michael L.","family":"Himes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh Pennsylvania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"N. Scott","family":"Mason","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh Pennsylvania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0356-4197","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"W. Gordon","family":"Frankle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry NYU Langone Medical Center New York New York"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4292-2850","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rajesh","family":"Narendran","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh Pennsylvania"},{"name":"Department of Psychiatry University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh Pennsylvania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,7,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00259-008-0969-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/jcbfm.2010.64"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/jcbfm.2015.53"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-3223(87)90070-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/syn.10282"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-012285751-5\/50034-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/syn.20506"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/syn.20806"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2017.11.032"},{"issue":"7","key":"e_1_2_7_11_1","first-page":"1275","article-title":"Carbon\u201011\u2010FLB 457: a radioligand for extrastriatal D2 dopamine receptors","volume":"36","author":"Halldin C.","year":"1995","journal-title":"Journal of Nuclear Medicine : Official Publication, Society of Nuclear Medicine"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.jcbfm.9600493"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1471-4159.2002.00895.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0197-4580(00)00149-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-4159.2010.06889.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1098-2396(199701)25:1<1::AID-SYN1>3.0.CO;2-H"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.jcbfm.9600339"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/syn.20628"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0076905"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/syn.20926"},{"issue":"7","key":"e_1_2_7_21_1","first-page":"574","article-title":"A comparative evaluation of the dopamine D2\/3 agonist radiotracer [11C]NPA and antagonist [11C]raclopride to measure amphetamine\u2010induced dopamine release in the human striatum","volume":"63","author":"Narendran R.","year":"2010","journal-title":"Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/syn.20813"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.2014.13121581"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/syn.20346"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/jcbfm.2014.237"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/npp.2017.223"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamapsychiatry.2014.2414"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00006231-200111000-00008"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_7_29_1","first-page":"301","article-title":"Elimination of extracellular dopamine in the medial prefrontal cortex of conscious mice analysed using selective enzyme and uptake inhibitors","volume":"67","author":"Tammimaki A.","year":"2016","journal-title":"Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology : An Official Journal of the Polish Physiological Society"}],"container-title":["Synapse"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1002%2Fsyn.22037","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/syn.22037","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,17]],"date-time":"2023-09-17T22:13:25Z","timestamp":1694988805000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/syn.22037"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2018,7,13]]},"references-count":28,"journal-issue":{"issue":"9","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,9]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/syn.22037"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/syn.22037","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0887-4476","1098-2396"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"0887-4476"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1098-2396"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2018,7,13]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2018-02-07","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2018-05-08","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2018-07-13","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e22037"}}