{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,4]],"date-time":"2026-06-04T00:43:09Z","timestamp":1780533789663,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":52,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,14]],"date-time":"2023-06-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1686700800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Synapse"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Chronic restraint stress induces anxiety\u2010like behaviors and emotional abnormalities via an alteration of synaptic remodeling in the amygdala and the hippocampus. Given that the date palm spathe has been shown to have neuroprotective effects on different experimental models, this study aimed to address whether the date palm spathe extract (hydroalcoholic extract of date palm spathe [HEDPP]) can reduce chronic restraint stress\u2010induced behavioral, electrophysiological, and morphological changes in the rat model. Thirty\u2010two male Wistar rats (weight 200\u2013220\u00a0g) were randomly divided into control, stress, HEDPP, and stress\u00a0+\u00a0HEDPP for 14 days. Animals were submitted to restraint stress for 2\u00a0h per day for 14 consecutive days. The animals of the HEDPP and stress\u00a0+\u00a0HEDPP groups were supplemented with HEDPP (125\u00a0mg\/kg) during these 14 days, 30\u00a0min before being placed in the restraint stress tube. We used passive avoidance, open\u2010field test, and field potential recording to assess emotional memory, anxiety\u2010like behavioral and long\u2010term potentiation in the CA1 region of the hippocampus, respectively. Moreover, Golgi\u2013Cox staining was used to investigate the amygdala neuron dendritic arborization. Results showed that stress induction was associated with behavioral changes (anxiety\u2010like behavioral and emotional memory impairment), and the administration of HEDPP effectively normalized these deficits. HEDPP remarkably amplified the slope and amplitude of mean\u2010field excitatory postsynaptic potentials (fEPSPs) in the CA1 area of the hippocampus in stressed rats. Chronic restraint stress significantly decreased the dendritic arborization in the central and basolateral nucleus of the amygdala neuron. HEDPP suppressed this stress effect in the central nucleus of the amygdala. Our findings indicated that HEDPP administration improves stress\u2010induced learning impairment and memory and anxiety\u2010like behaviors by preventing adverse effects on synaptic plasticity in the hippocampus and amygdala.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/syn.22278","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,14]],"date-time":"2023-06-14T19:09:58Z","timestamp":1686769798000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Date palm spathe extract reverses chronic stress\u2010induced changes in dendritic arborization in the amygdala and impairment of hippocampal long\u2010term potentiation"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"77","author":[{"given":"Mohammadmehdi","family":"Hadipour","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Neuroscience Research Center Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences  Tehran Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gholam Hossein","family":"Meftahi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neuroscience Research Center Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences  Tehran Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gila Pirzad","family":"Jahromi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neuroscience Research Center Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences  Tehran Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,14]]},"reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","first-page":"91","article-title":"Comparative microscopic assessments of the effect of aqueous and ethanol extracts of Phoenix dactylifera L. in a rat model of mercury\u2010triggered hippocampal changes","volume":"36","author":"Agbon A. 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