{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,24]],"date-time":"2026-09-24T09:09:23Z","timestamp":1790240963517,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":62,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,3]],"date-time":"2026-08-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785715200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,3]],"date-time":"2026-08-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785715200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["AG029479"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["AG029479"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["AG077700"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["AG077700"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Synapse"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Non\u2010motor symptoms in Parkinson's disease (PD) may be influenced by the \u03b14\u03b22* subtype of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) present in the hippocampus (HP) and subiculum (SUB). To continue efforts in positron emission tomography (PET) diagnostics for PD, autoradiographic [\n                    <jats:sup>18<\/jats:sup>\n                    F]nifene binding to \u03b14\u03b22* nAChR was quantitatively assessed in the HP\u2013SUB of PD (\n                    <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u00a0=\u00a027; 14 males and 13 females) and cognitively normal (CN) (\n                    <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u00a0=\u00a032; 16 males and 16 females) cases. Anti\u2010ubiquitin for Lewy body and anti\u2010\u03b1\u2010synuclein immunostaining on adjacent slices were analyzed in QuPath, and [\n                    <jats:sup>18<\/jats:sup>\n                    F]nifene binding was quantified in OptiQuant. The SUB had greater [\n                    <jats:sup>18<\/jats:sup>\n                    F]nifene binding (51%\u201385%) compared to HP in all cases. Significantly higher [\n                    <jats:sup>18<\/jats:sup>\n                    F]nifene binding (&gt;250%;\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u00a0&lt;\u00a00.0001) was seen in PD SUB and PD HP compared to CN in both males and females. The grey matter (GM) to white matter (WM) ratio in PD\u00a0=\u00a03.53, whereas CN\u00a0=\u00a01.33, a &gt;150% increase in PD (\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u00a0&lt;\u00a00.0001). Binding of [\n                    <jats:sup>18<\/jats:sup>\n                    F]nifene to GM was &gt;250% greater than WM in PD for both male and female. Male CN exhibited an increase, whereas male PD exhibited a significant decrease in [\n                    <jats:sup>18<\/jats:sup>\n                    F]nifene binding with aging, whereas females did not exhibit significant differences. In summary, \u03b14\u03b22* nAChR measured by [\n                    <jats:sup>18<\/jats:sup>\n                    F]nifene is significantly upregulated in the PD HP and SUB. This increased [\n                    <jats:sup>18<\/jats:sup>\n                    F]nifene binding may be of diagnostic value using PET imaging.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/syn.70053","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,3]],"date-time":"2026-08-03T10:37:39Z","timestamp":1785753459000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Increased Binding of [\n                    <sup>18<\/sup>\n                    F]Nifene, a PET Imaging Probe for \u03b14\u03b22* Nicotinic Acetylcholinergic Receptors in Hippocampus\u2013Subiculum of Postmortem Human Parkinson's Disease Brain"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"80","author":[{"given":"Jogeshwar","family":"Mukherjee","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Preclinical Imaging, Department of Radiological Sciences University of California\u2010Irvine  Irvine California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fariha","family":"Karim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Preclinical Imaging, Department of Radiological Sciences University of California\u2010Irvine  Irvine California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Allyson","family":"Ngo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Preclinical Imaging, Department of Radiological Sciences University of California\u2010Irvine  Irvine California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christopher","family":"Liang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Preclinical Imaging, Department of Radiological Sciences University of California\u2010Irvine  Irvine California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Geidy E.","family":"Serrano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Banner Sun Health Research Institute  Sun City Arizona USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thomas G.","family":"Beach","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Banner Sun Health Research Institute  Sun City Arizona USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/bs.pbr.2022.01.011"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1242\/jcs.180737"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molmed.2009.11.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00401\u2010009\u20100538\u20108"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/neup.12189"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/syn.22016"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jlcr.4071"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/syn.21530"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474\u20104422(21)00377\u2010X"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules26237360"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40120\u2010024\u201000687\u20106"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3233\/JPD\u2010191683"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbr.2006.05.036"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.3242\u201007.2007"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0169\u2010328X(92)90244\u20106"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00018\u2010003\u20102259\u20109"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.20688"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ncl.2024.12.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0891\u20100618(02)00100\u2010X"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/cns.70069"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13024\u2010023\u201000676\u20107"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2967\/jnumed.112.103846"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/10738584211011979"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fnins.2021.665820"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fnagi.2014.00213"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2025.149600"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/biom15121686"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/jcbfm.2009.74"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1134\/S1990750817040035"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2174\/0929867325666180410105135"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/syn.21981"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.parkreldis.2021.09.018"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arr.2022.101834"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.parkreldis.2015.11.018"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fnagi.2025.1535310"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0055886"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ane.12259"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1227157"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1162\/imag_a_00397"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.jcbfm.9591524.0321"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archgenpsychiatry.2009.106"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1877718X241313373"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fnins.2021.676257"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/cells11244000"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.24320"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2014.10.021"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/receptors4010007"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jns.2007.02.014"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1124\/mol.110.067561"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0306\u20104522(94)00410\u20107"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0893\u2010133X(99)00146\u20103"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nucmedbio.2005.12.017"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.npp.1300302"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_55_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.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