{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T06:55:21Z","timestamp":1790664921056,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":63,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,9]],"date-time":"2021-06-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1623196800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["The Chemical Record"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Quinones are ubiquitous in nature and form one of the largest class of antitumor agents approved for clinical use. They are known to be efficient in inhibiting cancer cells growth. Under physiological conditions they can undergo non\u2010enzymatic one\u2010electron reduction to give the moderately toxic species of semiquinone radical\u2010anion. Thus, electrochemical study of quinones might provide a basic knowledge on semi\u2010quinone radicals formation in both in vivo and in vitro under different media. Several processes are outlined briefly and discussed in the present article. Previously we investigated the electrochemical and spectral properties of \u03c9\u2010<jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic>\u2010quinonyl amino acids. Such quinone\u2010bearing peptides are known to be cytotoxic and of potential clinical significance. We were able to prove that the <jats:italic>\u03c9<\/jats:italic>\u2010amino quinonyl compounds are very effective in producing stable semiquinone radicals. Moreover, a direct relation was found between the first reduction potentials of the quinonyl moiety and their reactivity towards the <jats:italic>\u03c9<\/jats:italic>\u2010amino acids. In order to increase our knowledge of such amino quinonyl compounds and enlarge the arsenal of such cytotoxic compounds, a series of <jats:italic>N,N<\/jats:italic>\u2010diquinonyl amines (<jats:bold>1<\/jats:bold>\u2013<jats:bold>6<\/jats:bold>) bearing an internal proton (stems from the NH moiety) were synthesized. Their electron\u2010transfer capabilities were probed by cyclic voltammetry measurements, in dichloromethane. It was found that the acidic NH group linking the two quinonyl moieties undergoes an initial electrochemical reduction step and generates a nitride anion. This step is followed by further reductions to yield quasi\u2010stable semiquinone radicals and polyanions, Since these acidic diquinones (<jats:bold>1<\/jats:bold>\u2013<jats:bold>6<\/jats:bold>) serve also as a source of internal proton donors even in non\u2010polar medium, they might cause protonation of basic radical\u2010anions and polyanion intermediates during the various electrochemical stages. The processes are demonstrated and discussed by analyzing different mechanistic schemes. The successful generation of relatively stable semiquinone radicals is a prerequisite for the manifestation of site directed antitumor activity by these bis\u2010quinonyl amino derivatives. Based on the values of their redox potentials some of them could be promising candidates for clinical development.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/tcr.202100069","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,9]],"date-time":"2021-06-09T16:56:37Z","timestamp":1623257797000},"page":"2332-2343","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["Electrochemistry of Quinones with Respect to their Role in Biomedical Chemistry"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"21","author":[{"given":"Galia Temtsin","family":"Krayz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry Ben-Gurion University of the Negev  Beer-Sheva 84105 Israel"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shmuel","family":"Bittner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry Ben-Gurion University of the Negev  Beer-Sheva 84105 Israel"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anand","family":"Dhiman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry Ben-Gurion University of the Negev  Beer-Sheva 84105 Israel"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2618-769X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"James Y.","family":"Becker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry Ben-Gurion University of the Negev  Beer-Sheva 84105 Israel"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_1_1","unstructured":"\u00a0"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1515\/9783112541746","volume-title":"Organic Chemistry, in Colour","author":"Gordon P. 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