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They are fabricated by structurally integrating highly conductive and fluidic LMs with flexible and biocompatible hydrogels, thereby combining the advantages of both components. Three main preparation strategies include patterning LMs on hydrogel surfaces, injecting LMs into the interior of hydrogels, and directly mixing LMs with hydrogels. Smart LM hydrogel composites exhibit outstanding comprehensive performance of excellent electrical conductivity, self\u2010healing capability, mechanical strength, adhesiveness, and biocompatibility, as well as multiresponsive behaviors to external stimuli, including strain, light, magnetic field, temperature, and humidity. Benefiting from these superior properties, smart LM hydrogel composites have found wide applications in cutting\u2010edge fields such as wearable devices, disease therapy, actuators, electromagnetic interference shielding, and triboelectric nanogenerators. 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