{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,6]],"date-time":"2026-01-06T13:28:52Z","timestamp":1767706132484},"reference-count":17,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2005,5,16]],"date-time":"2005-05-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1116201600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":10759,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Teratology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1975,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Pregnant rats were treated with various Inhibitors of mitochondrial oxidative energy metabolisrn and with lowered oxygen tension, and the embryo fetuses examined for the occurrence of congenitaj malformations and for changes in enzymatic activities. Treatmcnt with all agents tested resuhed in the production of skeietal anomalies. Sodium phenobarbital was tbe most teratogenic of the drugs tested and produced a high incidence of malformations which included cleft palate tail anomalies, spinal retroflexion, domed head, and facial hypoplasia. Diphenylhydantoin produced a low incidence of syndactyly and oligodactyly. In addition to its effects on fetal growth and development chloramphenicol appeared to interfere with implantation. Tissue preparations from embryos exposed to sodium phenobarbital and chloramphenicol showed markedly lowered levels of DPNH oxidase activky. Cytochrome oxidase activjty was also markedly lowered in the preparations from chlorainphenicol\u2010exposed embryos. Enzyme activities in preparations from embryos exposed to malonate and diphenylhydantoin appeared unaffected, although the drugs are strong inhibitors of electron transport in vitro; the lack of apparent effect may be due to the fact tbat both drugs do not bind to the enzyme preparations and were diluted 100\u2010 to 200\u2010fold during preparation and assay of the tissue homogenates.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/tera.1420120311","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2005,6,10]],"date-time":"2005-06-10T22:51:43Z","timestamp":1118443903000},"page":"291-296","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":41,"title":["Studies of the development of congenital anomalies in rats. III. Effects of inhibition of mitochondrial energy systems on embryonic development"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Bruce","family":"Mackler","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Richard","family":"Grace","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Doris F.","family":"Tippit","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ronald J.","family":"Lemire","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Thomas H.","family":"Shepard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Vincent C.","family":"Kelley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2005,5,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/tera.1420010110"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0003-9861(72)90020-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3476(74)80615-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0003-9861(62)90341-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-3002(56)90058-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_7_1","first-page":"40","volume-title":"Methods of Statistical Analysis","author":"Goulden C. 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