{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,19]],"date-time":"2025-03-19T11:23:36Z","timestamp":1742383416386},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2005,5,19]],"date-time":"2005-05-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1116460800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":8814,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Teratology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1981,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Carrageenans are widely used as food additives. Thus, it seemed of interest to test their possible teratogenic action. For this purpose, 530 chick eggs were injected in the yolk sac with 0.1 ml of a solution of 0.1% lambda\u2010carra\u2010geenan in 0.9% sodium chloride. As controls, 286 eggs were injected with 0.1 ml of 9.0% sodium chloride. In addition, 284 eggs received no treatment. After incubation for 48\u201350 hours at 39\u00b0C, embryos were fixed, cleared, and observed with a stereoscopic microscope.<\/jats:p><jats:p>The frequency of abnormal embryos in the group receiving lambda\u2010carrageenan was higher than in the controls (p&lt;0.04). Partial duplication of the body, abnormal flexures of the trunk, anencephaly, a severely malformed brain, thickening of the neural tube wall, an irregular neural tube lumen with segmentary occlusion and a reduction in crown\u2010rump length and number of somites were distinctly seen in the lambda\u2010carrageenan\u2010injected group. Moreover, the average number of anomalies per embryo in the lambda\u2010carrageenan\u2010injected group was nearly twice that in the controls. Present data indicate that lambda\u2010carrageenan has teratogenic effects on early stages of the development of the chick embryo.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/tera.1420230212","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2005,6,11]],"date-time":"2005-06-11T14:37:52Z","timestamp":1118500672000},"page":"273-278","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Teratogenic effect of lambda\u2010carrageenan on the chick embryo"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"23","author":[{"given":"Benito","family":"Monis","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Roberto A.","family":"Rovasio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2005,5,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0016-5085(19)32703-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_1","volume-title":"Introduction to Biostatistics","author":"Bancroft H.","year":"1957"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archopht.1945.00890150068010"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0014-4827(65)90202-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/tera.1420160205"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0015-6264(77)90068-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0015-6264(79)90002-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_9_1","first-page":"203","article-title":"Action teratogene du galactose adminisstr\u00e9 a la rate gravide","volume":"20","author":"Demeyer R.","year":"1959","journal-title":"Ann. 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