{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,16]],"date-time":"2025-07-16T11:44:53Z","timestamp":1752666293377},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2005,5,31]],"date-time":"2005-05-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1117497600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":6513,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Teratology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1987,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>A macroscopic study on the missing elements in cyclopia (a single eye or closely approximated eyes with all intergrades in a single orbit) with or without proboscis and hypotelorism was performed on 12 human fetuses and 2 human fetal skulls. In addition, microscopic investigations were carried out on the orbital contents of the cyclops with a single eye without proboscis, crown\u2013heel length (C\u2013HL) 37 cm, and on the 6.5\u2010mm\u2010crown\u2013rump length (C\u2013RL) human embryo with a single nasal placode localized in front of two eye cups. In the embryo and in all 14 fetal cases the midfacial region was more\u2010or\u2010less deficient. In the two cyclopia cases without proboscis the nasal placode(s) had not developed at all during the embryonic period. In cases with proboscis, consisting of a single tube localized above both eyes, and in the hypotelorismic specimens, there could only have been a single nasal placode during development: a situation evident in the 6.5\u2010mm\u2010C\u2013RL human embryo. In this holoprosencephalic embryo the single nasal placode was undulated, as if formed from two fused nasal placodes, and flanked by the prospective areas for the lateral nasal processes. Caudally, it was bordered by the maxillary processes. In view of the position of the single placode in this embryonic face, as described above, it is most likely that this is a preliminary stage of hypotelorism. Moreover, both medial nasal processes with the internasal groove in between, i.e., the interplacodal area, were missing. In the fetal cyclopic skulls this missing area is indicated by the agenesis of, for example, the ethmoid, nasal, and lacrimal bones; the nasal septum; and two premaxillae. All specimens under study, including the microscopically investigated cyclops with a single eye, showed elements of two eye primordia. It can be concluded, therefore, that cyclopses with or without proboscis and hypotelorismic specimens have the same abnormal stages of development of the prosencephalon in relation to the eye primordia. In cyclopia cases with proboscis, the single nasal placode develops out of the range of the maxillary processes.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/tera.1420360102","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2005,6,11]],"date-time":"2005-06-11T15:04:31Z","timestamp":1118502271000},"page":"1-6","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["6.5\u2010mm human embryo with a single nasal placode: Cyclopia or hypotelorism?"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"36","author":[{"given":"Christl","family":"Vermeij\u2010Keers","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rob E.","family":"Poelmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Annette E.","family":"Smits\u2010Van Prooije","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2005,5,31]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/394504"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_1","first-page":"125","article-title":"Holoprosencephaly and facial dysmorphia: Nosology, etiology, and pathogenesis","volume":"7","author":"Cohen M. M.","year":"1971","journal-title":"Birth Defects"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000104278"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"256","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.34.2.256","article-title":"The face predicts the brain: Diagnostic significance of median facial anomalies for holoprosencephaly (arhinencephaly)","volume":"34","author":"De Myer W.","year":"1964","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_6_1","first-page":"431","volume-title":"Handbook of Clinical Neurology","author":"De Myer W.","year":"1977"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00039896.1966.10664655"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_8_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"The neural crest in abnormalities of the face and brain","volume":"11","author":"Johnston M. C.","year":"1975","journal-title":"Birth Defects"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4615-8933-4_17"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_10_1","first-page":"206","article-title":"Aberrant tissue bands in face and brain defects","volume":"11","author":"Jones K. L.","year":"1975","journal-title":"Birth Defects"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_11_1","first-page":"529","article-title":"The kaleidoscopic world of rare craniofacial clefts: Order out of chaos (Tessier classification)","volume":"3","author":"Kawamoto H. K.","year":"1976","journal-title":"Clin. Plast. Surg."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/tera.1420260202"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_13_1","first-page":"231","article-title":"Median faciocerebral anomalies in chick embryos resulting from local destruction of the anteriormost parts of the early neural plate and neural crest","volume":"18","author":"Lieuw Kie Song S. H.","year":"1980","journal-title":"Acta Morphol. Neerl. Scand."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/tera.1420260204"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00319598"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_16_1","first-page":"155","article-title":"3\u2010D Reconstructions in anatomy using a semi\u2010automatic device","volume":"79","author":"Poelmann R. E.","year":"1985","journal-title":"Verh. Anat. Ges."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_17_1","first-page":"105","article-title":"A case of cyclopia","volume":"61","author":"Smith S.","year":"1927","journal-title":"J. Anat."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_18_1","first-page":"418","article-title":"Neural crest activity in the early mouse embryo","volume":"137","author":"Smits\u2010van Prooije A. E.","year":"1983","journal-title":"J. Anat."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_19_1","first-page":"99","article-title":"The neural crest in presomite to 40\u2010somite murine embryos.","volume":"23","author":"Smits\u2010van Prooije A. E.","year":"1985","journal-title":"Acta Morphol. Neerl. Scand."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_20_1","unstructured":"Smits\u2010van Prooije A. E.(1986)Processes Involved in Normal and Abnormal Fusion of the Neural Walls in Murine Embryos. Thesis Leiden."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.3109\/10520298609110716","article-title":"WGA\u2010AU as a novel marker for mesoderm formation in mouse embryos, cultured in vitro","volume":"61","author":"Smits\u2010van Prooije A. E.","year":"1986","journal-title":"Stain Technol."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_22_1","first-page":"309","article-title":"Embryonic origin of holoprosencephaly: Interrelationship of the developing brain and face","author":"Sulik K. K.","year":"1982","journal-title":"Scan. Electron Microsc."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/aja.1001660303"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_24_1","first-page":"79","article-title":"Craniofacial defects from genetic and teratogen\u2010induced deficiencies in presomite embryos","volume":"3","author":"Sulik K. K.","year":"1984","journal-title":"Birth Defects"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0736-5748(84)90014-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0301-0503(76)80013-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00006534-198304000-00022"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1163\/002829680X00041"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_29_1","first-page":"128","article-title":"Cerebro\u2010craniofacial and craniofacial malformations: An embryological analysis","volume":"20","author":"Vermeij\u2010Keers Chr.","year":"1983","journal-title":"Cleft Palate J."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4684-3809-3_5"}],"container-title":["Teratology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1002%2Ftera.1420360102","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/tera.1420360102","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,21]],"date-time":"2023-10-21T20:04:38Z","timestamp":1697918678000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/tera.1420360102"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1987,8]]},"references-count":29,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1987,8]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/tera.1420360102"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/tera.1420360102","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0040-3709","1096-9926"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0040-3709","type":"print"},{"value":"1096-9926","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1987,8]]}}}